scholarly journals Non-targeted and targeted analysis of collagen hydrolysates during the course of digestion and absorption

2019 ◽  
Vol 412 (4) ◽  
pp. 973-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne J. Kleinnijenhuis ◽  
Frédérique L. van Holthoon ◽  
Annet J.H. Maathuis ◽  
Barbara Vanhoecke ◽  
Janne Prawitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Collagen Hydrolysate ◽  
Targeted Analysis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Collagen Hydrolysates ◽  
Small Intestinal Absorption

AbstractProtein hydrolysates are an important part of the human diet. Often, they are prepared from milk, soy, or collagen. In the present study, four different collagen hydrolysates were tested, varying in the average molecular weight and the animal source. Three types of samples, the dissolved start products, in vitro generated dialysates (containing the digested components that are potentially available for small intestinal absorption), and human serum collected after product ingestion, were analyzed using LC-MS to compare the state of the hydrolysates before and after absorption, i.e., uptake into the blood. It was found that the composition of the collagen hydrolysates prior to and after ingestion was highly complex and dynamic, which made it challenging to predefine a strategy for a targeted analysis. Therefore, we implemented a new analytical approach to first map hydrolysate data sets by performing non-targeted LC-MS analysis followed by non-targeted and targeted data analysis. It was shown that the insight gained by following such a top down (data) analytical workflow could be crucial for defining a suitable targeted setup and considering data trends beyond the defined targets. After having defined and performed a limited targeted analysis, it was found that, in our experimental setup, Hyp-Gly and especially Pro-Hyp contributed significantly as carrier to the total Hyp increase in blood after ingestion of collagen hydrolysate.

Small-intestinal absorption of cadmium and the significance of mucosal metallothionein

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 429-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Elsenhans ◽  
GJ Strugala ◽  
SG Schäfer
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Peroral Administration ◽  
High Accumulation ◽  
Inner Organs ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Hepatic Metallothionein ◽  
Cd Exposure ◽  
Small Intestinal Absorption

1 Although food intake is among the most important routes of Cd exposure, not many details are known about the intestinal absorption mechanisms of Cd. In this respect Cd is representative of most other nonessential, merely toxic metals. 2 Based on a concept of two distinguishable steps, intestinal absorption of Cd is characterized by high accumulation within the intestinal mucosa and a low rate of diffusive transfer into the organism. 3 After uptake into the mammalian organism, Cd is sequestered into hepatic metallothionein (MT). It is assumed that hepatic Cd-MT then gradually redis tributes Cd to the kidney, which is the main target organ for chronic Cd toxicity. 4 When feeding low levels of dietary CdCl2, however, Cd accumulates preferentially in the kidney and to a lesser degree in the liver, a distribution pattern also found after intravenous and peroral administration of the Cd-MT complex itself. As dietary Cd induces intestinal MT, intestinal Cd-MT complexes could be at least partly responsible for the renal accumulation of dietary Cd. 5 For this mechanism, however, serosal release of mucosal Cd-MT is required. In fact, in vitro findings in rats reveal a concentration-dependent release of intestinal MT to the serosal side of the small intestine. These results indicate that endogenous intestinal MT may deliver Cd-MT to other inner organs, thus contributing to the preferential renal accumulation of ingested Cd.

Glucose absorption by in vitro perfused ileum of the fetal rat

1982 ◽  
Vol 242 (6) ◽  
pp. G642-G649
Author(s):  
G. D. Potter ◽  
K. L. Schmidt ◽  
R. Lester ◽  
S. G. Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Rat Ileum ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Luminal Perfusion ◽  
Unidirectional Fluxes

In vitro intraluminal perfusion of the fetal rat ileum at 19 and 20 days of gestation was employed to measure the rate of glucose absorption and the unidirectional fluxes of 3-O-methylglucose (3-O-MG). Fetal ileum was mounted on pipettes within an oxygenated bath and perfused with a solution containing glucose or 3-O-MG and polyethylene glycol with average molecular weight of 4,000 (PEG) as a marker substance. We verified that the PEG was not transported and did not diffuse across the fetal ileum. Scanning and electron microscopy before and after perfusion demonstrated preservation of mucosal anatomy. The rate of glucose absorption was 200 +/- 17 mumol.h-1.g-1 at 19 days and increased significantly to 378 +/- 12 mumol.h-1.g-1 at 20 days. The absence of sodium abolished this process. The flux of 3-O-MG from lumen to bath was 88 +/- 10 mumol.h-1.g-1 at 19 days and 160 +/- 16 mumol.h-1.g-1 at 20 days. Bath-to-lumen flux was -17 +/- 2 mumol.h-1.g-1 and did not vary with age. Active, rapidly developing transport of glucose and 3-O-MG is demonstrated by in vitro luminal perfusion of the fetal rat ileum at 19 days.

Electron microscopic study of the membrane glycoproteins in the rat kidney after cisplatin treatment

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 912-913
Author(s):  
S.K. Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Membrane Glycoproteins ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Interstrand Cross Links ◽  
Cross Links

The proposed primary mechanism of action of the anticancer drug cisplatin (Cis-DDP) is through its interaction with DNA, mostly through DNA intrastrand cross-links or DNA interstrand cross-links. DNA repair mechanisms can circumvent this arrest thus permitting replication and transcription to proceed. Various membrane transport enzymes have also been demonstrated to be effected by cisplatin. Glycoprotein alkaline phosphatase was looked at in the proximal tubule cells before and after cisplatin both in vivo and in vitro for its inactivation or its removal from the membrane using light and electron microscopy.Outbred male Swiss Webster (Crl: (WI) BR) rats weighing 150-250g were given ip injections of cisplatin (7mg/kg). Animals were killed on day 3 and day 5. Thick slices (20-50.um) of kidney tissue from treated and untreated animals were fixed in 1% buffered glutaraldehyde and 1% formaldehyde (0.05 M cacodylate buffer, pH 7.3) for 30 min at 4°C. Alkaline phosphatase activity and carbohydrates were demonstrated according to methods described earlier.

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