The role of the dorsal medial frontal cortex in central processing limitation: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study

2016 ◽  
Vol 234 (9) ◽  
pp. 2447-2455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Soutschek ◽  
Paul C. J. Taylor ◽  
Torsten Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Medial Frontal Cortex ◽  
Central Processing

scholarly journals Depression-like state induced by low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to ventral medial frontal cortex in monkeys

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinya Nakamura ◽  
Yodai Kishimoto ◽  
Masaki Sekino ◽  
Motoaki Nakamura ◽  
Ken-Ichiro Tsutsui
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
The Other ◽  
Medial Frontal Cortex ◽  
Behavioral Activity ◽  
Primate Model

The medial frontal cortex (MFC), especially its ventral part, has long been of great interest with respect to the pathology of mood disorders. A number of human brain imaging studies have demonstrated the abnormalities of this brain region in patients with mood disorders, however, whether it is critically involved in the pathogenesis of such disorders remains to be fully elucidated. In this study, we conducted a causal study to investigate how the suppression of neural activity in the ventral region of the MFC (vMFC) affects the behavioral and physiological states of monkeys by using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). By using low-frequency rTMS (LF-rTMS) as an inhibitory intervention, we found that LF-rTMS targeting the vMFC induced a depression-like state in monkeys, which was characterized by a reduced spontaneous behavioral activity, increased plasma cortisol level, impaired sociability, and decreased motivation level. On the other hand, no such significant changes in behavioral and physiological states were observed when targeting the other MFC regions, dorsal or posterior. We further found that the administration of an antidepressant agent, ketamine, ameliorated the abnormal behavioral and physiological states induced by the LF-rTMS intervention. These findings indicate the causal involvement of the vMFC in the regulation of mood and affect and the validity of the LF-rTMS-induced dysfunction of the vMFC as a nonhuman primate model of the depression-like state.

Modulation of electrically induced pain by paired pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation of the medial frontal cortex

2006 ◽  
Vol 117 (8) ◽  
pp. 1814-1820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veit Mylius ◽  
Janine Reis ◽  
Miriam Kunz ◽  
Thomas F. Beyer ◽  
Wolfgang H. Oertel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Medial Frontal Cortex ◽  
Paired Pulse ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Posterior medial frontal cortex and threat-enhanced religious belief: a replication and extension

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1361-1367
Author(s):  
Colin Holbrook ◽  
Marco Iacoboni ◽  
Chelsea Gordon ◽  
Shannon Proksch ◽  
Ramesh Balasubramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Control Region ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Neutral Condition ◽  
Medial Frontal Cortex

Abstract Research indicates that the posterior medial frontal cortex (pMFC) functions as a ‘neural alarm’ complex broadly involved in registering threats and helping to muster relevant responses. Holbrook and colleagues investigated whether pMFC similarly mediates ideological threat responses, finding that downregulating pMFC via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) caused (i) less avowed religious belief despite being reminded of death and (ii) less group bias despite encountering a sharp critique of the national in-group. While suggestive, these findings were limited by the absence of a non-threat comparison condition and reliance on sham rather than control TMS. Here, in a pre-registered replication and extension, we downregulated pMFC or a control region (MT/V5) and then primed participants with either a reminder of death or a threat-neutral topic. As mentioned previously, participants reminded of death reported less religious belief when pMFC was downregulated. No such effect of pMFC downregulation was observed in the neutral condition, consistent with construing pMFC as monitoring for salient threats (e.g. death) and helping to recruit ideological responses (e.g. enhanced religious belief). However, no effect of downregulating pMFC on group bias was observed, possibly due to reliance on a collegiate in-group framing rather than a national framing as in the prior study.

scholarly journals Role of Single Low Pulse Intensity of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over the Frontal Cortex for Cognitive Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahid Bashir ◽  
Fawaz Al-Hussain ◽  
Ali Hamza ◽  
Ghadah Faisal Shareefi ◽  
Turki Abualait ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Pulse Intensity

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the sensorimotor cortex and medial frontal cortex modifies human pain perception

2003 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 860-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masutaro Kanda ◽  
Tatsuya Mima ◽  
Tatsuhide Oga ◽  
Masao Matsuhashi ◽  
Keiichiro Toma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Medial Frontal Cortex

scholarly journals Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex and Threat-Enhanced Religious Belief: A Replication and Extension

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Holbrook ◽  
Marco Iacoboni ◽  
Chelsea Gordon ◽  
Shannon Proksch ◽  
Ramesh Balasubramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Medial Frontal Cortex ◽  
Down Regulation

Research indicates that the posterior medial frontal cortex (pMFC) functions as a ‘neural alarm’broadly involved in registering threats and helping to muster relevant responses. Holbrook andcolleagues (2016) investigated whether pMFC similarly mediates ideological threat-responses,finding that down-regulating pMFC via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) caused i) lessavowed religious belief despite being reminded of death, and ii) less group bias despiteencountering a sharp critique of the national in-group. While suggestive, these findings werelimited by the absence of a non-threat comparison condition and reliance on sham rather thancontrol TMS. Here, in a pre-registered replication and extension, we down-regulated pMFC or acontrol region (MT/V5), then primed participants with either a reminder of death or a threatneutraltopic. As previously, participants reminded of death reported less religious belief whenpMFC was down-regulated. No such effect of pMFC down-regulation was observed in theneutral writing condition, consistent with construing pMFC as monitoring for salient threats(e.g., death) and helping to recruit ideological responses (e.g., enhanced religious belief).However, no effect of down-regulating pMFC on group bias was observed, possibly due toreliance here on a collegiate in-group framing rather than a national framing as in the prior study.

scholarly journals Study of the role of the transcranial magnetic stimulation on language progress in autism spectrum disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed E. Darwish ◽  
Heba W. El-Beshlawy ◽  
Ehab S. Ramadan ◽  
Shimaa M. Serag
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Language Therapy ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Group I ◽  
Mild Improvement ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are almost universally delayed in the acquisition of spoken language as primary means of communication so they tend to have restricted outcomes in terms of independence and integration. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a promising, emerging tool for the study (study and modulate excitability and plasticity, applied in single pulses to investigate corticospinal excitability, pairs of pulses to study intracortical inhibition and facilitation) and potential treatment of ASD. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of repetitive TMS in language progress in children with ASD. Results There was a statistically significant clinical improvement in patients receiving active TMS (group I) comparing baseline Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) assessment and after treatment (P ≤ 0.05). There was mild improvement with no significant difference between the patients receiving active TMS (group I) and those of sham TMS (group II), and both groups received language therapy as regard post-treatment CARS. There was significant difference in improvement between the two groups according to eye contact (P ≤ 0.05). There was significant improvement in response to examiner (P ≤ 0.05). There was mild improvement with no statistically significant difference in attention between the two groups. There was significant difference in improvement between the two groups according to active expressive language. There was no statistically significant difference in passive vocabulary between the two groups. Conclusion Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over left inferior frontal gyrus may be a safe and effective way of improving language of ASD. The joint application of rTMS and standard language therapy may lead to more rapid improvement in the language progress of children with ASD.

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