Seawater tolerance in first-time migrants of anadromous Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus)

Polar Biology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odd A. Gulseth ◽  
Kjell J. Nilssen ◽  
Martin Iversen ◽  
Bengt Finstad
Keyword(s):  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Anadromous Arctic Charr ◽  
Seawater Tolerance ◽  
First Time

Summer osmoregulatory capacity of the world's northernmost living salmonid

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (3) ◽  
pp. R743-R749 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Nilssen ◽  
O. A. Gulseth ◽  
M. Iversen ◽  
R. Kjol
Keyword(s):  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Svalbard Archipelago ◽  
Anadromous Arctic Charr ◽  
Osmoregulatory Capacity ◽  
Seawater Tolerance ◽  
Seawater Challenge

Anadromous Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus L.) were caught on their way to and from the sea with the use of a fish trap placed in the Dieset watercourse located on the Spitsbergen Island (79 degrees 10' Northern latitude) within the high-Arctic Svalbard archipelago. When subjected to a seawater challenge test (34 parts/thousand at 4-5 degrees C), charr on their way to the sea showed only minor and temporary changes in blood plasma osmolality and Na+ and Mg2+ concentrations. The seawater tests also revealed good hypoosmoregulatory capacity for Arctic charr returning from the marine environment 4 wk later. A progressive decrease in seawater tolerance was first documented 7-11 days after their return to the freshwater habitat. Thus the Svalbard charr, being the northernmost anadromous salmonid and probably a direct descendant from the first Salvelinus immigrants to freshwater systems, undergoes a preparatory increase of hypoosmoregulatory capacity (smoltification) before entering the oceanic water bodies. Furthermore, the termination of their short annual seawater stay is probably elicited by factors controlling body systems other than osmoregulation.

Does the Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) exhibit a seasonal change in seawater tolerance?

Aquaculture ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 82 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 383-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bengt Finstad ◽  
Kjell J. Nilssen ◽  
Arne M. Arnesen
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Change ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Seawater Tolerance

scholarly journals Environmentally Modulated Repeat Evolution of Polymorphic Arctic Charr Life History Traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Grenier ◽  
Aslak Smalås ◽  
Runar Kjær ◽  
Rune Knudsen
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Age At Maturity ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sympatric Morphs

Sympatric Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L. 1758), morphs have flexible but repeated life history strategies tested across five Norwegian lakes. In several Scandinavian polymorphic Arctic charr populations differentiated by their diet and habitat use, a large littoral omnivorous (LO) morph commonly cooccurs with a smaller profundal spawning (PB/PZ) morph. A third, large piscivorous (PP) morph is also known to occur within a portion of Arctic charr populations in the profundal habitat along with the PB/PZ individuals. Life history traits, such as age at maturity, growth, and diet are known to differ among coexisting morphs. Notably, the PP morph was the longest morph with the oldest age at maturity while the PB/PZ morph showed the shortest lengths overall and youngest age with LO morph being intermediate in both traits. Growth parameters differed across all the morphs. When examining growth within morph groups, the LO morph was found to have different growth across all lakes, while similar reproductive investments and different energy acquisition patterns were seen within the PB/PZ and PP morphs. These results suggest repeat evolution in several life history strategies of reproductively isolated Arctic charr sympatric morphs, notably for the first time in the PP morph, while also highlighting the importance of the local environment in modulating life history traits.

PCB disruption of the hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal axis involves brain glucocorticoid receptor downregulation in anadromous Arctic charr

2004 ◽  
Vol 287 (4) ◽  
pp. R787-R793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelakanteswar Aluru ◽  
Even H. Jorgensen ◽  
Alec G. Maule ◽  
Mathilakath M. Vijayan
Keyword(s):  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Heat Shock Protein 90 ◽  
Aroclor 1254 ◽  
Anadromous Arctic Charr ◽  
Cortisol Levels

We examined whether brain glucocorticoid receptor (GR) modulation by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) was involved in the abnormal cortisol response to stress seen in anadromous Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus). Fish treated with Aroclor 1254 (0, 1, 10, and 100 mg/kg body mass) were maintained for 5 mo without feeding in the winter to mimic their seasonal fasting cycle, whereas a fed group with 0 and 100 mg/kg Aroclor was maintained for comparison. Fasting elevated plasma cortisol levels and brain GR content but depressed heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) and interrenal cortisol production capacity. Exposure of fasted fish to Aroclor 1254 resulted in a dose-dependent increase in brain total PCB content. This accumulation in fish with high PCB dose was threefold higher in fasted fish compared with fed fish. PCBs depressed plasma cortisol levels but did not affect in vitro interrenal cortisol production capacity in fasted charr. At high PCB dose, the brain GR content was significantly lower in the fasted fish and this corresponded with a lower brain hsp70 and hsp90 content. The elevation of plasma cortisol levels and upregulation of brain GR content may be an important adaptation to extended fasting in anadromous Arctic charr, and this response was disrupted by PCBs. Taken together, the hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal axis is a target for PCB impact during winter emaciation in anadromous Arctic charr.

Winter condition and proximate composition of anadromous arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) in eastern Ungava Bay, Quebec

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2284-2289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Boivin ◽  
G. Power
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Liver Protein ◽  
Muscle Lipid ◽  
Winter Condition ◽  
Anadromous Arctic Charr

Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) were sampled during the winter of 1985–1986 in the Kangiqsualujjuaq area of northern Quebec to examine feeding patterns and temporal variation in condition. No feeding was observed at any time during the winter, and examination of gallbladder coloration indicated that feeding had not occurred for a long period of time. Proximate composition analysis of nonreproductive charr from Koroc River indicated that liver and muscle lipid and liver protein reserves changed during the winter fast, and this was most pronounced in early winter. Spent charr sampled at Lake Tasikallak had lower liver lipid and condition factor values and were more depleted than nonreproductive charr. Despite a reduction in lipids and protein during winter, the general condition of nonreproductive charr renders them suitable for commercial sale at any time of the year.

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