Report of a non-looped variant of ansa cervicalis with omohyoid innervation from accessory nerve branch and omohyoid attachment to mastoid process

2019 ◽  
Vol 276 (7) ◽  
pp. 2105-2108 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. H. Sonne
Keyword(s):  
Accessory Nerve ◽  
Mastoid Process ◽  
Nerve Branch ◽  
Ansa Cervicalis

Ansa cervicalis as a variant of spinal accessory nerve plexus: A case report

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 540-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Afshin Khaki ◽  
Ghaffar Shokouhi ◽  
Mohammadali Mohajel Shoja ◽  
Ramin Mostofi Zadeh Farahani ◽  
Sina Zarrintan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Spinal Accessory Nerve ◽  
Accessory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Plexus ◽  
Ansa Cervicalis ◽  
Spinal Accessory

Superficial landmarks for the spinal accessory nerve within the posterior cervical triangle

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 375-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Shane Tubbs ◽  
E. George Salter ◽  
John C. Wellons ◽  
Jeffrey P. Blount ◽  
W. Jerry Oakes
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Spinal Accessory Nerve ◽  
Accessory Nerve ◽  
Mastoid Process ◽  
Exit Point ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spinal Accessory ◽  
Mean Width ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The spinal accessory nerve (SAN) within the posterior cervical triangle (PCT) is the most commonly iatrogenically injured nerve in the body. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of published information regarding superficial landmarks for the SAN in this region. Additional identifiable landmarks of this nerve may assist the surgeon in identifying it for repair, use of it in peripheral nerve neurotization, or avoiding it as in proximal brachial plexus repair. The present study was undertaken to provide reliable superficial landmarks for the identification of the SAN within the PCT. Methods. The PCT was dissected in 30 cadaveric sides. Measurements were made between the SAN and surrounding landmarks. The mean distances between the entry site of the SAN into the trapezius and a midpoint of the clavicle, mastoid process, acromion process, and lateral aspect of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle were 6, 7, 5.5, and 3.5 cm, respectively. The mean distances between the angle of the mandible and the mastoid process and the exit point of the SAN from the posterior border of the SCM muscle were 6 and 5 cm, respectively. The mean width and length of the SAN were 3 and 3.5 cm, respectively. Conclusions. It is the authors' hope that these data will aid those who may need to locate or avoid the SAN while undertaking surgery in the PCT and thus decrease morbidity that may follow manipulation of this region.

scholarly journals The Relation of the Extracranial Spinal Accessory Nerve to the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle and the Internal Jugular Vein

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
ThomasMombo Amuti ◽  
Fawzia Butt ◽  
BedaOlabu Otieno ◽  
JuliusAlexander Ogeng'o
Keyword(s):  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Sternocleidomastoid Muscle ◽  
Spinal Accessory Nerve ◽  
Accessory Nerve ◽  
Mastoid Process ◽  
Spinal Accessory ◽  
Posterior Triangle ◽  
Point Of Entry ◽  
The Right

The spinal accessory nerve (SAN) exhibits variant anatomy in its relation to the internal jugular vein (IJV) as well as the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM). These variations are important in locating the nerve during surgical neck procedures to avoid its inadvertent injury. These variations, however, are not conserved among different populations and data from the Kenyan setting are partly elucidated. This study, therefore, aims to determine the variant anatomical relationship of the SAN to the SCM and IJV in a select Kenyan population. Forty cadaveric necks were studied bilaterally during routine dissection and the data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Means and modes were calculated for the point of entry of the SAN into the posterior triangle of the neck as well as for its relation to the SCM. Side variations for both of these were analyzed using Student's t-test. Data relating the SAN to the IJV were represented in percentages and side variations were analyzed using the chi-square test. The SAN point of entry into the posterior triangle of the neck was 5.38 cm (3.501–8.008 cm) on the left side and 5.637 cm (3.504–9.173 cm) on the right side ( p = 0.785) from the mastoid process. The nerve perforated the SCM in four cases (10%) on the left side and in eight cases (20%) on the right ( p = 0.253). The SAN lay predominantly medial to the IJV on both sides of the neck, 87.5% on the left side of the neck versus 82.5% on the right ( p = 0.831). In conclusion, the variant relation of the SAN to the IJV and SCM as observed in this setting is an important consideration during radical neck procedures and node biopsies.

Schwannoma of Ansa Cervicalis in the Submandibular Space

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Hye Park ◽  
Dongbin Ahn ◽  
Ki Ha Hwang ◽  
Ji Yun Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Ansa Cervicalis ◽  
Submandibular Space

Excision of a Portion of the Spinal Accessory Nerve

BMJ ◽  
1879 ◽  
Vol 1 (945) ◽  
pp. 212-212
Author(s):  
W. Rivington
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Accessory Nerve ◽  
Accessory Nerve ◽  
Spinal Accessory

Nerve Graft Length and Recovery of Elbow Flexion Muscle Strength in Patients With Traumatic Brachial Plexus Injuries: Case Series

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano Socolovsky ◽  
Gilda di Masi ◽  
Gonzalo Bonilla ◽  
Ana Lovaglio ◽  
Kartik G Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Target Function ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Nerve Graft ◽  
Spinal Accessory Nerve ◽  
Accessory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Reconstruction ◽  
Muscle Recovery ◽  
Spinal Accessory

Abstract BACKGROUND Traumatic brachial plexus injuries cause long-term maiming of patients. The major target function to restore in complex brachial plexus injury is elbow flexion. OBJECTIVE To retrospectively analyze the correlation between the length of the nerve graft and the strength of target muscle recovery in extraplexual and intraplexual nerve transfers. METHODS A total of 51 patients with complete or near-complete brachial plexus injuries were treated with a combination of nerve reconstruction strategies. The phrenic nerve (PN) was used as axon donor in 40 patients and the spinal accessory nerve was used in 11 patients. The recipient nerves were the anterior division of the upper trunk (AD), the musculocutaneous nerve (MC), or the biceps branches of the MC (BBs). An index comparing the strength of elbow flexion between the affected and the healthy arms was correlated with the choice of target nerve recipient and the length of nerve grafts, among other parameters. The mean follow-up was 4 yr. RESULTS Neither the choice of MC or BB as a recipient nor the length of the nerve graft showed a strong correlation with the strength of elbow flexion. The choice of very proximal recipient nerve (AD) led to axonal misrouting in 25% of the patients in whom no graft was employed. CONCLUSION The length of the nerve graft is not a negative factor for obtaining good muscle recovery for elbow flexion when using PN or spinal accessory nerve as axon donors in traumatic brachial plexus injuries.

scholarly journals Isolated Congenital Mastoid Cholesteatoma with no Involvement of Aditus Ad Antrum and Middle Ear

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117954762110140
Author(s):  
Pace Annalisa ◽  
Iannella Giannicola ◽  
Rossetti Valeria ◽  
Messineo Daniela ◽  
Visconti Irene Claudia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Mastoid Process ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Digastric Muscle ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Imaging Evaluation ◽  
Stylomastoid Foramen ◽  
Congenital Origin ◽  
Mastoid Region

Cholesteatoma is a non-neoplastic, keratinized squamous epithelial lesion that affects the temporal bone. The middle ear is the most frequent, while the isolated cholesteatoma of the mastoid is rare. The aim of this study was to describe a rare case of isolated mastoid cholesteatoma with no involvement of aditus ad antrum and middle ear including a literature review of the topic. This case report describes the case of a 58 years old female with a cholesteatoma isolated in the mastoid region, evidenced by imaging (computer tomography and magnetic resonance). A mastoidectomy was performed: mastoid process was completely involved, but antrum was not reached. Moreover, it reached the soft tissue of stylomastoid foramen as well as the posterior belly of the digastric muscle. In the literature few articles described cases of cholesteatoma isolated in the mastoid region. Research was conducted using PubMed and reference list and there were considered only reports about cholesteatoma exclusively located in the mastoid process without involvement of antrum or middle ear. Fourteen articles were included in this review, with a total number of 23 cases of cholesteatoma isolated in the mastoid region. All papers analyzed reported the cases of isolated mastoid cholesteatoma that presented a congenital origin. Its diagnosis is difficult, therefore, imaging evaluation is mandatory and surgery is the treatment of choice. Mastoid cholesteatomas without involvement of aditus ad antrum and middle ear are rare and only 23 cases are reported in literature. Our case is in line with all clinical and diagnostic features of this rare disease, but it is the only one that evidenced an exposure of the soft tissue of stylomastoid foramen as well as the posterior belly of the digastric muscle. The treatment of choice was the surgical one, avoiding damaging of important anatomo-functional structure.

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