Attentional capture by completely task-irrelevant faces

2014 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiori Sato ◽  
Jun I. Kawahara
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Task Irrelevant

scholarly journals Miss it and miss out: Counterproductive nonspatial attentional capture by task-irrelevant, value-related stimuli

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1628-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike E. Le Pelley ◽  
Tina Seabrooke ◽  
Briana L. Kennedy ◽  
Daniel Pearson ◽  
Steven B. Most
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Task Irrelevant

scholarly journals Surprise-induced Deafness: Unexpected Auditory Stimuli Capture Attention to the Detriment of Subsequent Detection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Obana ◽  
Stephen Wee Hun Lim ◽  
Christopher L. Asplund
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Blink ◽  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Attentional Control ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Auditory Presentation ◽  
Natural Sounds ◽  
Probe Detection ◽  
Perceptual Deficit ◽  
Task Irrelevant

Our attention is often captured by unexpected or unusual sounds. Such stimulus- driven control of attention can be adaptive, as potentially relevant events need to be quickly evaluated and acted upon. Attentional capture, however, comes with a cost: Ongoing tasks may be disrupted. In a series of seven experiments (n=773), we investigated the effects of task-irrelevant, rare, and relatively unexpected sounds (“surprise stimuli”) on probe detection in rapid auditory presentation (RAP) streams. Surprise stimuli caused “Surprise-induced Deafness” (SiD), a severe detection deficit that lasted for under one second within each trial and gradually habituated across several trials. SiD was sensitive to informational “surprise”, with larger deficits following stimuli that were infrequent or varied across trials. The effect also generalized: Natural sounds or constructed stimuli could disrupt detection of either spoken letters or simple tones. We also compared SiD to the auditory attentional blink (AAB), a similar paradigm in which goal-directed target processing disrupts probe detection. We found that the two deficits were weakly correlated. We conclude that SiD is a novel perceptual deficit that primarily reflects stimulus-driven attentional capture. It may involve other forms of attentional control as well, thereby reflecting multiple attentional influences on awareness.

scholarly journals Temporal properties of task-irrelevant events: attentional capture is not purely bottom-up

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1082-1082
Author(s):  
J. Benjamins ◽  
H. Hogendoorn ◽  
I. Hooge ◽  
F. Verstraten
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
Task Irrelevant

scholarly journals Intense Physical Exercise Reduces Overt Attentional Capture

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 559-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesc Llorens ◽  
Daniel Sanabria ◽  
Florentino Huertas ◽  
Enrique Molina ◽  
Simon Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Search Task ◽  
Visual Search Task ◽  
Saccadic Eye Movements ◽  
Abrupt Onset ◽  
Acute Bout ◽  
Task Irrelevant ◽  
Activity Condition ◽  
Rest Activity

The abrupt onset of a visual stimulus typically results in overt attentional capture, which can be quantified by saccadic eye movements. Here, we tested whether attentional capture following onset of task-irrelevant visual stimuli (new object) is reduced after a bout of intense physical exercise. A group of participants performed a visual search task in two different activity conditions: rest, without any prior effort, and effort, immediately after an acute bout of intense exercise. The results showed that participants exhibited (1) slower reaction time of the first saccade toward the target when a new object was simultaneously presented in the visual field, but only in the rest activity condition, and (2) more saccades to the new object in the rest activity condition than in the effort activity condition. We suggest that immediately after an acute bout of effort, participants improved their ability to inhibit irrelevant (distracting) stimuli.

Attentional Capture by Salient Distractors during Visual Search Is Determined by Temporal Task Demands

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 749-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Kiss ◽  
Anna Grubert ◽  
Anders Petersen ◽  
Martin Eimer
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Response Onset ◽  
Irrelevant Color ◽  
Task Irrelevant

The question whether attentional capture by salient but task-irrelevant visual stimuli is triggered in a bottom–up fashion or depends on top–down task settings is still unresolved. Strong support for bottom–up capture was obtained in the additional singleton task, in which search arrays were visible until response onset. Equally strong evidence for top–down control of attentional capture was obtained in spatial cueing experiments in which display durations were very brief. To demonstrate the critical role of temporal task demands on salience-driven attentional capture, we measured ERP indicators of capture by task-irrelevant color singletons in search arrays that could also contain a shape target. In Experiment 1, all displays were visible until response onset. In Experiment 2, display duration was limited to 200 msec. With long display durations, color singleton distractors elicited an N2pc component that was followed by a late Pd component, suggesting that they triggered attentional capture, which was later replaced by location-specific inhibition. When search arrays were visible for only 200 msec, the distractor-elicited N2pc was eliminated and was replaced by a Pd component in the same time range, indicative of rapid suppression of capture. Results show that attentional capture by salient distractors can be inhibited for short-duration search displays, in which it would interfere with target processing. They demonstrate that salience-driven capture is not a purely bottom–up phenomenon but is subject to top–down control.

scholarly journals Value-based attentional capture influences context-dependent decision-making

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 560-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirawaj Itthipuripat ◽  
Kexin Cha ◽  
Napat Rangsipat ◽  
John T. Serences
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Electrophysiological Data ◽  
High Reward ◽  
Divisive Normalization ◽  
Choice Decision ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
Task Irrelevant

Normative theories posit that value-based decision-making is context independent. However, decisions between two high-value options can be suboptimally biased by the introduction of a third low-value option. This context-dependent modulation is consistent with the divisive normalization of the value of each stimulus by the total value of all stimuli. In addition, an independent line of research demonstrates that pairing a stimulus with a high-value outcome can lead to attentional capture that can mediate the efficiency of visual information processing. Here we tested the hypothesis that value-based attentional capture interacts with value-based normalization to influence the optimality of decision-making. We used a binary-choice paradigm in which observers selected between two targets and the color of each target indicated the magnitude of their reward potential. Observers also had to simultaneously ignore a task-irrelevant distractor rendered in a color that was previously associated with a specific reward magnitude. When the color of the task-irrelevant distractor was previously associated with a high reward, observers responded more slowly and less optimally. Moreover, as the learned value of the distractor increased, electrophysiological data revealed an attenuation of the lateralized N1 and N2Pc responses evoked by the relevant choice stimuli and an attenuation of the late positive deflection (LPD). Collectively, these behavioral and electrophysiological data suggest that value-based attentional capture and value-based normalization jointly mediate the influence of context on free-choice decision-making.

scholarly journals Acquisition and Use of ‘Priors’ in Autism: Typical in Deciding Where to Look, Atypical in Deciding What Is There

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Allenmark ◽  
Zhuanghua Shi ◽  
Rasmus L. Pistorius ◽  
Laura A. Theisinger ◽  
Nikolaos Koutsouleris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Search Task ◽  
Visual Search Task ◽  
Predictive Coding ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Attention Allocation ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Task Irrelevant ◽  
Subsequent Target

AbstractIndividuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are thought to under-rely on prior knowledge in perceptual decision-making. This study examined whether this applies to decisions of attention allocation, of relevance for ‘predictive-coding’ accounts of ASD. In a visual search task, a salient but task-irrelevant distractor appeared with higher probability in one display half. Individuals with ASD learned to avoid ‘attentional capture’ by distractors in the probable region as effectively as control participants—indicating typical priors for deploying attention. However, capture by a ‘surprising’ distractor at an unlikely location led to greatly slowed identification of a subsequent target at that location—indicating that individuals with ASD attempt to control surprise (unexpected attentional capture) by over-regulating parameters in post-selective decision-making.

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