Prediction of penetration depth in a plunging water jet using soft computing approaches

Abstract In this study, for the plunging water jet aeration system using various inclined nozzle types, bubble penetration depth, air entrainment rate, water jet expansion, effect of water jet circumference at impact point, oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen transfer efficiency which changed depending on the water jet velocity, were researched in an air-water system. Numerous studies were conducted with circular nozzles. The present study describes new experiments performed with different nozzle types. Three types of nozzles were examined, i.e., those with circular, ellipse and rectangle duct with rounded ends. Experimental results showed that water jets produced with ellipse and rectangle duct with rounded ends nozzles have very different flow characteristics, entrainment patterns on free water jet surface, and submerged water jet region within the receiving tank. Higher air entrainment rate and oxygen transfer efficiency was observed in the rectangle duct with rounded ends nozzle due to water jet expansion. Bubble penetration depth, however, is lower for the rectangle duct with rounded ends nozzle than for the other nozzles. The ellipse nozzle provided the highest bubble penetration depth. These results showed that it is appropriate to use ellipse nozzle in aeration of deep pool and rectangle duct with rounded ends nozzle in the applications where high bubble concentration is desirable.

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The Effects of Water Flow Rate On The Air Entrainment Process From Vertical Plunging Water Jet With Downcomer

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/268/1/012157 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 268 ◽

pp. 012157

Author(s):

Budiarso ◽

Warjito ◽

Bima Putra Pamungkas

Keyword(s):

Water Flow ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Water Flow Rate ◽

Air Entrainment ◽

Water Jet ◽

Plunging Water Jet ◽

Entrainment Process

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Acoustic resonances in the bubble plume formed by a plunging water jet

Proceedings of The Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspa.2002.1063 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 459 (2035) ◽

pp. 1751-1782 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Thomas R. Hahn ◽

Thomas K. Berger ◽

Michael J. Buckingham

Keyword(s):

Water Jet ◽

Bubble Plume ◽

Plunging Water Jet ◽

Acoustic Resonances

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Comment on article: “Gas holdup and gas entrainment of a plunging water jet with a constant entrainment guide” Can. J. Chem. Eng. 66, 19-28 (1988)

The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering ◽

10.1002/cjce.5450670429 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 67 (4) ◽

pp. 699-701 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. K. Bin

Keyword(s):

Gas Holdup ◽

Water Jet ◽

Gas Entrainment ◽

Plunging Water Jet

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The Effects of Downcomer Diameter on an Air Entrainment of Vertical Plunging Water Jet on The Water Surface

Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences ◽

10.37934/arfmts.81.2.8997 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 81 (2) ◽

pp. 89-97

Author(s):

Warjito ◽

Ridho Irwansyah ◽

Iqbal Yudianto ◽

Leonardo Fabianto ◽

Arya Amardani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Speed ◽

Qualitative Data ◽

Bubble Formation ◽

Air Entrainment ◽

Water Jet ◽

Water Desalination ◽

Entrainment Rate ◽

Clean Water ◽

Depth Of Penetration ◽

Plunging Water Jet

The difficulty in finding clean water is issued to become Indonesia’s problem in 2025. Seawater processing to produce clean water for commonly used or called water desalination will be a promising solution to solve the problem of clean water scarcity. One of the seawater desalination processes is to utilize micro-bubbles generated from air entrainment. Air entrainment is a phenomenon where the surrounding air is trapped in the water and forms a bubble. Using the vertical plunging jet setup will lead to bubble formation as a result of the collision between the vertical water jet and the pond surface below it. This study determines the effect of downcomer diameter on the parameters that influence the parameter of air entrainment quality by using a vertical plunging jet configuration. Some set up tools that support research consists of pumps, nozzle, downcomer, airflow meter, anemometer, and water pond. Results of the research are in the form of qualitative data such as videos and photos, by using a high-speed camera with backlighting. The qualitative data obtained will be processed with an image processing program to acquire quantitative data. The results of the study revealed that the downcomer diameter affects the air entrainment rate. On the other hand, jet velocity affects the area of dispersion and depth of penetration.

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