Rectal Douching Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Paris: Implications for HIV/STI Risk Behaviors and Rectal Microbicide Development

BACKGROUND Geographic momentary assessments (GMA) collect real-time behavioral data in one’s natural environment using a smartphone and could potentially increase the ecological validity of behavioral data. Several studies have evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of GMA among persons who use drugs (PWUD) and men who have sex with men (MSM), but fewer have discussed privacy, confidentiality, and safety concerns, particularly when illegal or stigmatized behavioral data were collected. OBJECTIVE This study explores perceptions regarding privacy, confidentiality, and safety of GMA research among PWUD and MSM recruited in three different settings (rural Appalachia, a mid-sized city in the South, and a mid-Atlantic city). METHODS Between November 2014 and April 2017 we recruited 35 PWUD from rural Appalachian Kentucky (N=20) and Baltimore, Maryland (N=15), and 20 MSM from Lexington, Kentucky to complete semi-structured qualitative interviews. Through thematic analyses, we identified and compared privacy, confidentiality, and safety concerns by demographic characteristics, risk behaviors, and setting. RESULTS Privacy, confidentiality, and safety concerns varied by setting, age, smartphone ownership, use of illegal drugs, and history of drug-related arrests. Among those who used drugs, participants reported concerns with being tracked and burden associated with carrying and safeguarding study phones and responding to survey prompts. Privacy and confidentiality concerns were noted in each setting, but tracking concerns were greatest among Baltimore participants and led many to feel that they (or others) would be unwilling to participate or comply with study procedures. While locations considered to be sensitive varied by setting, participants in all settings said they would take measures to prevent sensitive information from being collected (i.e. intentionally disable devices, leave phones at home, alter response times). CONCLUSIONS Privacy, confidentiality, and safety concerns may limit the accuracy of risk location information, study compliance, and participation. As concerns were often greatest among those engaging in illegal behaviors and with the highest risk behaviors, selection bias and non-response bias could negatively influence the representativeness and validity of study findings.

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Use of multiple recreational drugs is associated with new HIV infections among men who have sex with men in China: a multicenter cross-sectional survey

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10223-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xiang Mao ◽

Sequoia I. Leuba ◽

Qinghai Hu ◽

Hongjing Yan ◽

Zhe Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Risk Behaviors ◽

Sexual Behaviors ◽

Hiv Infections ◽

Recreational Drugs ◽

Limited Information ◽

High Risk Behaviors ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Recent Hiv Infection

Abstract Background There is limited information about the types of recreational drugs used by men who have sex with men (MSM) in China or the consequent impact on sexual health and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition. Methods We recruited MSM from seven cities in China between 2012 and 2013 using multiple approaches including advertisements on gay websites, collaborating with local MSM community-based organizations, peer referrals, and venues such as gay bars and bathrooms visited by MSM. We divided participants into four subgroups based on the number of recreational drugs (RDs) used in the previous 6 months. We defined use of multiple RDs as use of ≥2 types of RDs. Demographics and HIV-related high-risk behaviors were collected, and blood samples were tested for recent HIV infection by the HIV-1 subtypes B, E, and D immunoglobulin G capture enzyme immunoassay (BED-CEIA). We used multivariable logistic regression adjusted for sociodemographics to determine the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the subgroups of RD use for recent or established HIV infection. Results A total of 4496 Chinese MSM participated; 28.4% used RDs, and 5% used multiple types of RDs. The prevalence of each RD use was as follows: poppers (25.9%), ecstasy (2.4%), ketamine (1.2%), amphetamine (0.6%), tramadol (0.4%), methamphetamine (3.8%), and codeine (1.9%). Users of multiple RDs commonly used poppers combined with one or more other types of RDs. Multiple RD users were likely to be aged 26–30 years (vs. 18–25 and > 30 years), live in non-local cities (vs. local cities), never married (vs. married), have a high monthly income (vs. no income and 1–599 USD), use versatile positions during anal intercourse (vs. top or bottom), and have inadequate HIV-related prevention knowledge (vs. adequate). As the number of RDs used in the previous 6 months increased, the prevalence of HIV-related high-risk behaviors increased (P < 0.05 for all). The odds of recent HIV infection were higher among those who used one type (aOR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.5–3.0) or two types of RD (aOR=2.3, 95% CI: 1.0-5.2) in the previous 6 months compared to the odds among those who did not use RDs. Conclusion The level and pattern of multiple RD use among Chinese MSM were different from high-income countries. MSM who used more RDs are more likely to engage in high-risk sexual behaviors, and these behaviors may be associated with increases in new HIV infections.

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Beliefs and Perception About HIV/AIDS, Self-Efficacy, and HIV Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Young Thai Men Who Have Sex With Men

AIDS Education and Prevention ◽

10.1521/aeap.2017.29.2.175 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 175-190 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Natawan Khumsaen ◽

Rob Stephenson

Keyword(s):

Sexual Risk ◽

Risk Behaviors ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Sexual Risk Behaviors ◽

Hiv Sexual Risk ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Hiv Sexual Risk Behaviors ◽

Hiv Aids

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Unrecognized HIV Infection, Risk Behaviors, and Perceptions of Risk Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex With Men—Six US Cities, 1994-1998

JAMA ◽

10.1001/jama.288.11.1344-jwr0918-2-1 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 288 (11) ◽

pp. 1344 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

Black Men ◽

Risk Behaviors ◽

Infection Risk ◽

Perceptions Of Risk ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Us Cities ◽

Hiv Infection Risk

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Parental Monitoring Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men: Associations With Sexual Activity and HIV-Related Sexual Risk Behaviors

Journal of Adolescent Health ◽

10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.03.004 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 61 (3) ◽

pp. 348-354 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Brian C. Thoma

Keyword(s):

Sexual Activity ◽

Sexual Risk ◽

Risk Behaviors ◽

Parental Monitoring ◽

Sexual Risk Behaviors ◽

Young Men ◽

Sex With Men

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Rectal Douching Practices Associated with Anal Intercourse: Implications for the Development of a Behaviorally Congruent HIV-Prevention Rectal Microbicide Douche

AIDS and Behavior ◽

10.1007/s10461-018-2336-6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 1484-1493 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Alex Carballo-Dieguez ◽

Rebecca Giguere ◽

Cody Lentz ◽

Curtis Dolezal ◽

Edward J. Fuchs ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Prevention ◽

Anal Intercourse ◽

Rectal Douching ◽

Rectal Microbicide

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Toward a Better Understanding of Non-Addicted, Methamphetamine-Using, Men who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in Atlanta

The Open AIDS Journal ◽

10.2174/1874613601004030141 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 141-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Brian J Dew

Keyword(s):

Risk Behaviors ◽

Culturally Specific ◽

Two Phase ◽

Initial Development ◽

Methamphetamine Use ◽

Social Marketing Campaign ◽

Public Health Officials ◽

Facilitators And Barriers ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Depth Interviews

Methamphetamine use has increasingly become linked with sexual risk behaviors among men have sex with men (MSM). Yet, the majority of research has been done with methamphetamine dependent MSM or with samples in which addiction to the substance was not evaluated. Furthermore, research with methamphetamine-using MSM in the Southern U.S. is lacking. In this study, focus groups and in-depth interviews were conducted in order to understand the motives, context, and other facilitators and barriers of methamphetamine use among non-addicted MSM residing in Atlanta. Participants included 30 non-addicted, methamphetamine-using MSM and 16 local mental and public health officials. Findings from the first of this two-phase formative research project will result in the initial development of a community-tested, culturally-specific social marketing campaign and an individual-based intervention based in HIV-testing facilities.

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Elevated HIV and STI Prevalence and Incidence Among Methamphetamine-Using Men Who Have Sex With Men in Los Angeles County

AIDS Education and Prevention ◽

10.1521/aeap.2018.30.4.350 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 350-356 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Cathy J. Reback ◽

Jesse B. Fletcher

Keyword(s):

Los Angeles ◽

Sexual Risk ◽

Risk Behaviors ◽

Los Angeles County ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Sexual Risks ◽

Methamphetamine Use ◽

Baseline Testing ◽

Sex With Men

Methamphetamine use is associated with increased HIV/STI infection among men who have sex with men (MSM). From March 2014 through January 2016, 286 methamphetamine-using MSM enrolled in a study to reduce methamphetamine use and sexual risk behaviors. Participants were tested for HIV/STIs at baseline and every 3 months for 9 months. At baseline, 115 participants (40.2%) were HIV–positive; three participants seroconverted (incidence = 2.6/100 person-years). Baseline testing diagnosed 77 STI cases (21 chlamydia, 18 gonorrhea, 38 syphilis); by 9-month follow-up, 71 incident STIs were diagnosed (22 chlamydia, 24 gonorrhea, 25 syphilis); 78% occurred among HIV–positive participants. Despite efforts to reduce sexual risks among methamphetamine-using MSM, HIV/STI prevalence and incidence remain elevated.

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