A Longitudinal, Qualitative Exploration of Perceived HIV Risk, Healthcare Experiences, and Social Support as Facilitators and Barriers to PrEP Adoption Among Black Women

Despite the growing number of women and minorities in STEM occupations, underrepresentation of Black women in the STEM workforce persists as they hold only 2.4% and 2% of science and engineering jobs, respectively, though they make up 6.4% of the total population. Despite these numbers, the African American women who are in STEM fields have been shown to excel at exceptional rates. The purpose of this chapter is to examine existing data, strategies, and models that address social determinants of professional STEM attainment for Black women. This chapter will explore the importance of intersectional identities and how this influences Black women's success in STEM fields in addition to understanding how counterpaces function to enhance persistence and advance the success of women of color in STEM fields. Understanding the non-academic factors that affect minority women's persistence in STEM allows for a broader conversation around implications for findings for academic and social support programs.

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3242 Stressful experiences and adherence to HIV care among Black Women Living with HIV: A qualitative analysis

Journal of Clinical and Translational Science ◽

10.1017/cts.2019.174 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (s1) ◽

pp. 74-74

Author(s):

Crystal Chapman Lambert ◽

Chastity McDavid ◽

Tammi F. Thomas ◽

Kiko King ◽

Andres Azuero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Black Women ◽

Physical Abuse ◽

Traumatic Events ◽

The United States ◽

Stressful Events ◽

Hiv Care ◽

Care Clinic ◽

Women Living With Hiv ◽

Living With Hiv

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Our primary objective was to understand the relationship between incident or recent stressful events and adherence to HIV care in the context of other person, environment, and HIV-specific stressors in a sample of Black women living with HIV (WLWH). METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Thirty in-depth interviews were conducted with Black women living with HIV who receive care at an academic HIV primary care clinic in the Southern region of the United States to elicit stressful events influencing adherence to HIV care. Semi-structured interview guides were used to facilitate discussion regarding stressful events and adherence to HIV care. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were independently coded using a theme-based approach by two experienced coders, findings were compared, and discrepancies were resolved by discussion. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Participants described frequently experiencing incident stressful events including death or serious illness of a close friend or family member, and relationship, financial, and employment difficulties. Furthermore, participants reported experiencing traumatic events such as sexual and physical abuse during childhood and adolescents. While experiencing traumatic events such as sexual and physical abuse during childhood and adolescence may be distressing, these events did not influence adherence to HIV care. However, incident stressful events as defined above did influence adherence to HIV care for some participants, but not for others. For participants who reported that stressful events did not influence adherence to HIV care, factors such as personal motivation, access to social support, and adaptive coping strategies facilitated their engagement in care. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Experiencing stressful events, incident or traumatic, is common among Black WLWH and have the potential to negatively influence adherence to HIV care. Thus, Interventions aimed at identifying and addressing stress, social support, and coping are essential to improve adherence to HIV care behaviors.

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Gendered Racism in the Lives of Black Women: A Qualitative Exploration

Journal of Black Psychology ◽

10.1177/0095798420962257 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (8) ◽

pp. 583-606

Author(s):

Kamesha Spates ◽

Na’Tasha Evans ◽

Tierra Akilah James ◽

Karen Martinez

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Black Women ◽

Historically Black ◽

Lived Experiences ◽

The United States ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Gendered Racism ◽

Societal Expectations ◽

Qualitative Exploration ◽

Depth Interviews

Historically, Black women have experienced multiple adversities due to gendered racism. While research demonstrates that gendered racism is associated with negative physical and mental health implications, little attention has been given to how being Black and female shape Black women’s experiences in multiple contexts. This study provided an opportunity for Black women to describe their lived experiences of gendered racism in the United States. We conducted in-depth interviews with Black women ( N = 22) between the ages of 18 and 69 years. We applied a thematic analysis approach to data analysis. Three themes were identified that underscored how these Black women navigated gendered racism: (a) navigating societal expectations of being Black and female, (b) navigating relationships (or lack thereof), and (c) navigating lack of resources and limited opportunities. Findings from this study provide an increased understanding of the unique challenges that Black women face because of their subordinated statuses in the United States. These findings may influence programs and assessments for Black women’s wellness.

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Severely Mentally Ill Women’s HIV Risk: The Influence of Social Support, Substance Use, and Contextual Risk Factors

Community Mental Health Journal ◽

10.1007/s10597-006-9069-0 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 33-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Mary E. Randolph ◽

Steven D. Pinkerton ◽

Anton M. Somlai ◽

Jeffrey A. Kelly ◽

Timothy L. McAuliffe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Social Support ◽

Substance Use ◽

Hiv Risk ◽

Mentally Ill ◽

Contextual Risk ◽

Severely Mentally Ill ◽

Contextual Risk Factors

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Social Support and Its Impact on Ethnic Identity and HIV Risk among Migrant Workers

Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities ◽

10.1007/s40615-017-0347-z ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 96-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nancy Shehadeh ◽

Muni Rubens ◽

Jennifer Attonito ◽

Terri Jennings

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Ethnic Identity ◽

Hiv Risk ◽

Migrant Workers

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Teleconferencing as a Source of Social Support for Older Spousal Caregivers

American Journal of Alzheimer s Disease & Other Dementias® ◽

10.1177/1533317512453491 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 381-387 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Joanna Edel McHugh ◽

Joseph P. Wherton ◽

David K. Prendergast ◽

Brian A. Lawlor

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Support Groups ◽

Support Group ◽

Group Processes ◽

Spousal Caregivers ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Dementia Caregivers ◽

Pilot Studies ◽

Facilitators And Barriers ◽

User Friendly

Teleconferencing is increasingly being used as a medium of delivering social support for dementia caregivers. Further direction is required from pilot studies before the optimal clinical service can be delivered. Following a 6-week pilot support group for spousal caregivers, delivered via teleconferencing software, we interviewed 8 participants for their feedback. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed using grounded theory analysis. Themes of “group processes” and “barriers,” containing subcategories of “functions of the group,” “responsibilities of facilitators,” and “barriers to communication” were discussed. According to caregivers, successful teleconferencing support groups should acknowledge the caregiver as the dementia expert, allow participants to meet before the deployment of the support group, provide active facilitation and leadership via the researcher, employ user-friendly technologies, and facilitate for the group to self-maintain following the pilot deployment period. These issues should be taken into consideration when designing future teleconferencing applications for caregivers.

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