Beliefs About Premarital Cohabitation: Do Individuals Believe Living Together Helps Divorce-Proof Marriage?

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-290
Author(s):  
Lacey A. Bagley ◽  
Claire Kimberly ◽  
Ali Marino ◽  
Pamela Clark ◽  
Colby Pomeroy
1993 ◽  
pp. 47-61
Author(s):  
Jarl Lindgren ◽  
Marketta Ritamies ◽  
Anneli Miettinen

This article examines how consensual unions affect the childbearing of couples who live in a marriage which has been preceded by premarital cohabitation. The study is focused on women under the age of 30 when they started their first union. It is based on three five-year cohorts who started living together in 1970-1984. The material used is from a survey carried out in 1989. The study deals with the pattern and frequency of giving birth to the first child by comparing the childbearing of the directly married with those whose marriage was preceded by cohabitation. By comparing the total number of children borne by women who have lived in an extra-marital cohabitation with different national means, the effect of pre-marital cohabitation on fertility is estimated. The study has shown that the total number of children in families is related to the length o  premarital cohabitation. The couples who have lived longer without marriage tend to have less children than the directly married.


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Layla Van den Berg ◽  
Dimitri Mortelmans

  Abstract :  This article studies relationship break‐up among married and cohabiting couples, based on the Belgian data ofthe Crossroads Bank of Social Security. The results are based on a sample of couples marrying for the first timeor starting to cohabit for the first time between 1999 and 2001. The sample is followed over time until 2013. Thepurpose of this study is to gain insight in relationship break‐up of married and cohabiting couples using registerdata. Given the fact that cohabiting couples are underestimated in official statistics because these only use offi‐cially registered partnerships (e.g. legal cohabitation), cohabiting couples are identified in this article on the basisof their LIPRO typology giving a more correct insight in relationship dynamics of cohabiting couples.The article looks at patterns of relationship dissolution with the aid of survival analysis and a discrete time eventhistory analysis for three relationship trajectories: marriages formed without premarital cohabitation, marriagesformed after a period of premarital cohabitation and cohabitations not (yet) converted into a marriage duringthe observation period. The results show that cohabiting couples not marrying during the observation period,have a much lower chance to be together after 14 years compared to the married couples. The differences be‐tween married couples with and without a period of unmarried cohabitation are more limited. Further, we findthat a break‐ups are more common among couples who start living together at an early age, start from a weakereconomic background or those that do not have children during the first four years. The association betweenrelationship break‐up and these background characteristics is similar among all three relationship trajectoriesstudied.


1989 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 520-520
Author(s):  
No authorship indicated
Keyword(s):  

WIDYANATYA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-50
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ayu Nilawati

ABSTRAK Agama Hindu memiliki tiga kerangka dasar yaitu tattwa, etika dan upacara. Ketiganya tidak berdiri sendiri, tetapi suatu kesatuan yang dilaksanakan oleh umat Hindu. Jika hanya filsafat agama yang diketahui tanpa melaksanakan ajaran-ajaran susila dan upacara, tidaklah sempurna. Dalam melaksanakan yadnya umat Hindu tidak dapat lepas dari tiga kerangka dasar tersebut. Yadnya yang berarti memuja, menghormati,berkorban tulus iklas, mengabdi, berbuat baik berupa apa yang dimiliki demi kesejahteraan dan kesempurnaan hidup bersama dan kemahamuliaan Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa. Dengan melaksanakan yadnya, umat Hindu di Bali percaya dapat mendekatkan diri dengan Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa sebagai kepercayaan skala-niskala dan juga adanya hutang yaitu Rna. Ada tiga jenis hutang yaitu dewa rna yaitu hutang hidup kepada Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa, pitra rna yaitu hutang jasa kepada leluhur dan rsi rna yaitu hutang suci kepada rsi. Dengan adanya rasa berhutang itulah sudah sewajarnya hutang tersebut dibayar, diwujudkan kedalam upacara yadnya. Dengan melaksanakan yadnya dapat menghubungkan diri dengan Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa. Melalui sarana-sarana inilah dapat tertanam rasa terimakasih kehadapan Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa. Upacara Aci Penaung Bayu termasuk dalam upacara Dewa Yadnya khususnya pemujaan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa dalam manifestasi beliau sebagai Dewa Wisnu, Dewa pemelihara alam semesta beserta segala isinya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk menjawab permasalahan: (1) bagaimana proses pelaksanaan upacara aci penaung bayu?, (2) apakah fungsi upacara aci penaung bayu?, (3) nilai-nilai pendidikan apa saja yang terkandung dalam upacara aci penaung bayu?. Teori yang digunakan untuk memecahkan masalah penelitian ini adalah teori fungsional struktural , teori religi, dan teori nilai.  Penelitian ini berbentuk rancangan kualitatif denga pendekatan fenomologis. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik observasi, tknik wawancara, teknik kepustakaan, dan teknik dokumentasi. Setenah data terkumpul, data dianalisis dengan pengecekan keabsahan data. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut, diperoleh simpulan sebagai hasil penelitian, sebagai berikut: (1) proses pelaksanaan upacara aci penaung bayu dimulai dengan upacara nedunang Ida Bhatara dari tempat penyimpanan (penataran agung), setelah itu puncak upacara aci penaung bayu, dan terakhir upacara nyineb Ida Bhatara (disimpan ke tempat penyimpanan kembali) (2) Fungsi dari pelaksanaan upacara Aci Penaung Bayu ini adalah fungsi religius, fungsi integrasi sosial, fungsi memberi tenaga. (3) Nilai-nilai pendidikan agama Hindu yang terkandung dalam upacara Aci Penaung Bayu adalah nilai pendidikan Tri Hita Karana.  ABSTRACT Hinduism has three basic frameworks, namely tattwa, ethics and ceremonies. All three do not stand alone, but a unity carried out by Hindus. If only the philosophy of religion is known without carrying out moral teachings and ceremonies, it is not perfect. In implementing the yadnya Hindus cannot escape the three basic frameworks. Yadnya which means worshiping, respecting, sacrificing sincerely, serving, doing good in the form of what is owned for the welfare and perfection of living together and the glory of Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa. By implementing yadnya, Hindus in Bali believe that they can get closer to Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa as a belief in scales and also the existence of debt, namely Rna. There are three types of debts, namely the God of Rna, namely the debt of life to Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa, the pitra rna, which is service debt to the ancestors and the rna, namely the sacred debt to rsi. With this feeling of debt, it is only natural that the debt be paid, manifested in the yad ceremony. By implementing yad it can connect itself with Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa. Through these facilities can be embedded a sense of gratitude to Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa. The ceremony of Aci Penaung Bayu is included in the ceremony of Dewa Yadnya, especially the worship of the Almighty God in his manifestation as Lord Vishnu, the god who cares for the universe and all its contents. This research was conducted to answer the following problems: (1) how is the process of carrying out the ceremony of acu pening bayu ?, (2) what is the function of the ceremony of acu pening bayu ?, (3) what educational values ​​are contained in the aci penung bayu ceremony ?. The theories used to solve this research problem are structural functional theory, religious theory, and value theory.  This research is in the form of a qualitative design with a phenomological approach. Data was collected using observation techniques, interview techniques, library techniques, and documentation techniques. After the data is collected, the data is analyzed by checking the validity of the data. Based on the analysis, conclusions were obtained as a result of the study, as follows: (1) the process of carrying out the aci penung bayu ceremony began with the nedunang ceremony of Ida Bhatara from the storage area (penataran agung), after which the ceremony of aci penung bayu, and finally the nyineb ceremony Ida Bhatara (stored to return storage) (2) Function of carrying out the Bayu Aci Penaung ceremony is a religious function, social integration function, energizing function. (3) The values ​​of Hinduism education contained in the ceremony of Aci Penaung Bayu are the educational value of Tri Hita Karana.


2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-249
Author(s):  
Stephanie Boeninger

Dancing at Lughnasa has been widely discussed as a memory play. Critics frequently analyze the way Michael's narration shapes the story he tells of five unmarried sisters living together in 1930's Donegal. Fewer critics, however, focus on Michael's representation of Father Jack, the missionary priest who returns after twenty-five years in Uganda. A surprisingly articulate anthropological observer who is more changed by the Ugandans than they by him, Father Jack defies the image of the missionary imperialist. Indeed, his portrayal conflicts with historical records. Father Jack's heterodox beliefs distress his family, but they find favor with postmodern audiences, eager to see Irish characters resist their part in the colonial enterprise. Friel's portrayal of Father Jack thus implicates the audience, not just Michael, in the play's selective memory.


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