scholarly journals Acute toxicity assay using mysid as an alternative test organism in the assessment of the aqueous fraction of sediment

Ecotoxicology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Resgalla ◽  
R. M. Silveira ◽  
D. C. Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Toxicity Assay ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Alternative Test

scholarly journals Acute Toxicity Assay Using Mysid as an Alternative Test Organism in the Assessment of the Aqueous Fraction of Sediment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charrid Resgalla ◽  
Rafaela Silveira ◽  
Danielle Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Sodium Thiosulfate ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Unionized Ammonia ◽  
Total Ammonia

Abstract The evaluation of sediment quality through biological testing of the aqueous fraction can be applied in dredging situations and is associated with a small number of confounding factors. The use of test organisms that are relatively resistant to contaminants is recommended when working with complex mixtures such as sediments. In this study, the sensitivity of the mysid Mysidopsis juniae to total ammonia and metals was investigated in acute toxicity laboratory tests and the results were compared to those obtained in the traditional test with sea urchin embryos and larvae. The ability of the toxicity identification and evaluation (TIE) technique, with the use of EDTA and sodium thiosulfate, to indicate the factors responsible for adverse effects was determined. The results indicate that mysids are almost 5 times more resistant than the sea urchin to unionized ammonia, more sensitive to Cd2+ and Ni2+ and more resistant to Zn2+ and Pb2+. With the TIE technique and with the use of EDTA as a complexing agent, a greater resolution was observed in the diagnosis of the presence of the metals Cd2+ and Ni2+, which could be applied to the aqueous fraction of the sediment.

scholarly journals In vitro Assessment of Antiplasmodial Activity and Acute Oral Toxicity of Dissotis rotundifolia Extracts and Fractions on Plasmodium falciparum Strains

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-19
Author(s):  
Rock Djehoue ◽  
Rafiou Adamou ◽  
Abdou Madjid O. Amoussa ◽  
Adande A. Medjigbodo ◽  
Anatole Laleye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Natural Substances ◽  
Study Laboratory

Aim: Dissotis rotundifolia were selected after an ethnopharmacological survey conducted on plants used traditionally for malaria treatment in South Benin, with the aim of discovering new natural active extracts against malaria parasites. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Biochemistry and Bioactive Natural Substances, University of Abomey-Calavi (Benin)/ Laboratory of Infectious Vector Borne Diseases, Regional Institute of Public Health (Benin)/ Laboratoire d’Histologie, de Cytogénétique et d’Embryologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé (Benin). The study was conduct from October 2018 to June 2019 in Benin. Methodology: The antiplasmodial activity of the plant extracts was evaluated using the parasite lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) immunodetection assay. The extract with the best antiplasmodial activity were used on Wistar rats for acute toxicity. Results: Ethanolic extract of Dissotis rotundifolia showed promising activity (Isolate: IC50 = 22.58 ± 1.12 µg/mL; 3D7: IC50 = 6.81 ± 0.85 µg/mL) on Plasmodium falciparum compared to the aqueous extract (Isolate: IC50 > 100 µg/mL; 3D7: IC50> 100 µg/mL). The aqueous fraction of D. rotundifolia exhibit highly potent activity against P. falciparum strain (Isolate: IC50 > 100 µg/mL μg/mL; 3D7: IC50 = 4.05 ± 0.72 μg/mL). Haemolytic effect of actives extracts and fractions is less than 5%. Ethanolic extract of D. rotundifolia revealed no obvious acute toxicity in rat up to the highest dose administered (2000 mg/kg). Conclusion: This study justifies traditional uses of D. rotundifolia against malaria. A bioguided fractionation of these extracts would identify molecules responsible for their antiplasmodial activity. Moreover, these results could lead to the design of improved traditional medicines in the basis of this plant.

Investigation on the stress response of microbes in acute toxicity assay

2020 ◽  
Vol 1099 ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Liu ◽  
He Zhang ◽  
Jingting He ◽  
Shaojun Dong
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Assay

A larval medaka (Oryzias latipes) acute toxicity assay combined with solid-phase extraction to efficiently determine the toxicity of organic contaminants in river water

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Liu ◽  
T. Kameya ◽  
Y. Sugimura ◽  
A. Sawai ◽  
T. Shigeoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
River Water ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Oryzias Latipes ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Toxicity Assay ◽  
Lower Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Level

Using a larval medaka (Oryzias latipes) acute toxicity assay combined with solid-phase extraction, we proposed a method for efficiently determining the fish toxicity of organic contaminants in river water. Organic toxicants were 10, 20, 50 and 100-fold concentrated from 4 L of the sample with adsorption cartridges. The lethal effect was observed by exposing every ten individuals of 48–72 h old larval medaka to 20 mL of each solution for 48 h. The median lethal concentration rate (LCR50) was used as an indicator for the toxicity. With the developed toxicity test method, more than seven times difference was found in the LCR50 of the river water samples. LCR50 distribution profiles were compared with 125 samples in two typical rivers. The result revealed a lower toxicity level in the mainstream than in the confluences, and a lower toxicity level in Sagami River than in Ayase River. LCR50 proved unique as a toxicity indicator, which was impossible to speculate from the conventional water quality indicator of the dissolved organic carbon concentration. As an effective screening test for priority settings, the method can help us with an efficient planning for the environmental investigation and management.

A Human Cell Beryllium Acute Toxicity Assay

1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Clarke ◽  
C.W. Barrick
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Human Cell ◽  
Toxicity Assay

scholarly journals Acute toxicity test of carbamate insecticide on common carp, Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Cathrine Ferlianova Leuwol ◽  
Djamar Tumpal Floranthus Lumban Batu ◽  
Ridwan Affandi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Acute Toxicity Test ◽  
Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Carbamate Insecticide ◽  
Toxic Pollutant

Carbamate is a highly toxic pollutant for animal, even though this insecticide is biodegradable in nature and in the food chain. The purpose of this research was to find the LC50-96 of carbamate insecticide (Marshall 200 EC) on test organism. The test organism used common carps (Cyprinus carpio L.) with 6-8 cm of length and 5,5-9 g of weight. This study used an experimental method by divided into two steps i.e. preliminary test and acute toxicity (LC50-96) tests.  Preliminary test was done without repetition and twice repetition for acute toxicity. Acute toxicity test data were analyzed by probit analysis. The result showed that LC50-96of carbamate insecticide (Marshal 200 EC) on Cyprinus carpio L. was 1,68 mgL-1.AbstrakPestisida golongan karbamat merupakan sumber pencemar yang sangat toksik bagi hewan, meskipun insektisida go-longan karbamat ini mudah terurai di alam baik pada media air maupun pada organisme dalam rantai makanan. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengukur nilai LC50-96 insektisida karbamat (Marshal 200 EC) terhadap hewan uji. Hewan uji yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio L.) dengan panjang 6-8 cm dan bobot 5,5-9 g. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah metode eksperimental dengan dua tahapan penelitian, yaitu uji pendahuluan dan uji toksisitas akut (LC50-96). Uji pendahuluan dilakukan tanpa ulangan dan uji toksisitas akut dilakukan ulangan sebanyak dua kali. Data uji toksisitas akut dianalisis dengan analisis probit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai LC50-96 insektisida karbamat (Marshal 200 EC) terhadap ikan mas adalah 1,68 mgL-1.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antral hepatoprotector acute toxicity in alternative test-systems

2016 ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
KUZMINOV B.P. ◽  
◽  
MATYSIK S.I. ◽  
ZAZULIAK T.S. ◽  
MYKYTCHAK T.I. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Test Systems ◽  
Alternative Test

scholarly journals Application of galvanotaxis of ciliated protozoan cells to automation of acute toxicity assay

2020 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Anton Popov ◽  
Dmitriy Vinokhodov ◽  
Marika Rutto
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Ciliated Protozoan ◽  
Toxicity Assay ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Dc Electric Field ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Impacts Of Human Activity

One of the most negative impacts of human activity on ecosystems is extensive environmental pollution. Large territories are polluted by different chemicals, which poses threat to any agricultural activity, not to speak of unhealthy life in such places. Thus, studying and developing express bioassay methods for risk assessment of chemical substances and aqueous media are now one of the most important problems in biotechnology. These bioassay methods can be used to success in ecology, agriculture, food industry, medicine, etc. In this paper we propose a method for automation of an acute toxicity assay. This method is based on the ability of Paramecium caudatum cells to move toward the cathode under a DC electric field.

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