Evaluating nematode resistance of grapevine rootstocks based on Xiphinema index reproduction rates in a fast screening assay

2021 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-238
Author(s):  
J. Schurig ◽  
U. Ipach ◽  
M. Hahn ◽  
P. Winterhagen
Keyword(s):  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Screening Assay ◽  
Xiphinema Index ◽  
Fast Screening

The photo comet assay—A fast screening assay for the determination of photogenotoxicity in vitro

2007 ◽  
Vol 632 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 44-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Struwe ◽  
Karl-Otto Greulich ◽  
Willi Suter ◽  
Ulla Plappert-Helbig
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Screening Assay ◽  
Fast Screening

Selected genotypes with the genetic background of Vitis aestivalis and Vitis labrusca are resistant to Xiphinema index

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Schurig ◽  
Ulrike Ipach ◽  
Brigitte Helmstaetter ◽  
Lilo Kling ◽  
Matthias Hahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Background ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Grapevine Fanleaf Virus ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Nematode Reproduction ◽  
The Past ◽  
Xiphinema Index ◽  
Fast Screening ◽  
Evaluation Test ◽  
Vitis Aestivalis

The ectoparasitic nematode Xiphinema index transmits grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) during feeding on grapevine roots, causing fanleaf degeneration in the plant. Hence, resistance breeding is a key to develop novel rootstocks to overcome such threats. In the past years, various grapevine species were screened, and a few candidates with partial resistance were identified. Yet, they were hardly sufficient for viticulture due to many agronomical defects. To develop reliably resistant rootstocks applicable in viticulture, multiple Vitis spp. genotypes were analyzed using root inoculation with nematodes in glass vials as an early and easy evaluation test. Resistance levels were evaluated 35 days after inoculation based on nematode reproduction factors focusing on juveniles and eggs. Infection of grapevines with GFLV was analyzed after inoculation with viruliferous X. index. With this fast screening system, putative candidates with resistances against X. index have been identified for future breeding programs. Particularly, genotypes with the genetic background of V. aestivalis and V. labrusca were found to be nematode resistant.

Differentiation of pathogenic, gram-negative, bacterial genera in the presence of β-2-thienylalanine

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1673-1679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt J. Brown ◽  
David R. Lines
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Inhibition Assay ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Screening Assay ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Fast Screening ◽  
Inhibition Reaction

Described is a fast screening assay for aid in the differentiation of bacterial genera. Salmonella is separated from Escherichia and Shigella, as a generic group on the basis of an inhibition assay incorporating β-2-thienylalanine, and using a defined medium. The assay is also usable for confirmation of taxonomic differences between genera.The inhibition reaction, readable as an 'all-or-none' phenomenon, follows a dose-response relationship for cultures affected by β-2-thienylalanine, and is unaffected by the growth phase of the culture.

Effect of Mi Gene and Nematode Resistance on Tomato Genotypes Using Molecular and Screening Assay

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Refik Bozbuga ◽  
H. Yıldız Dasgan ◽  
Yelderem Akhoundnejad ◽  
Mustafa Imren ◽  
Ozlem C. Günay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Screening Assay ◽  
Mi Gene ◽  
Tomato Genotypes

11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 enzyme immuno assay, a suitable screening assay for aspirin use?

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A596-A596
Author(s):  
M LEERDAM ◽  
F HUDIG ◽  
W ROOIJEN ◽  
E SLAATS ◽  
A GERAEDTS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thromboxane B2 ◽  
Screening Assay ◽  
Immuno Assay ◽  
Enzyme Immuno Assay

Breeding and usage of sugar beet cultivars and hybrids resistant to sugar beet nematode Heterodera schachtii

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Pylypenko ◽  
K. Kalatur
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Heterodera Schachtii ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Germplasm Exchange ◽  
Good Agricultural Practice

Heterodera schachtii Schmidt, 1871 is one of the most economically important pests of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) worldwide. It is also widespread in most sugar beet growing regions in Ukraine causing serious yield reduction and decreasing sugar content of sugar beet in infested fi elds. An advanced parasitic strategy of H. schachtii is employed to support nematode growth, reproduction and harmfulness. In intensive agriculture systems the nematode control measures heavily rely on nematicides and good agricultural practice (crop rota- tion in the fi rst place). But alternative strategies based on nematode resistant sugar beet cultivars and hybrids are required as none of nematicides approved for the open fi eld application are registered in Ukraine. Here we review the achievements and problems of breeding process for H. schachtii resistance and provide the results of national traditional breeding program. Since the beginning of 1980s fi ve sugar beet cultivars (Verchnyatskyi 103, Yaltuschkivska 30, Bilotcerkivska 45, BTs-40 and Yuvileynyi) and seventeen lines partly resistant or toler- ant to H. schachtii have been obtained throughout targeted crossing and progenies assessment in the infested fi elds. The further directions for better utilization of genetic sources for nematode resistance presented in na- tional gene bank collection are emphasized. There is a need for more accurate identifi cation of resistance genes, broader application of reliable molecular markers (suitable for marker-assisted selection of nematode resistant plants in the breeding process) and methods for genetic transformation of plants. Crop cash value and national production capacity should drive the cooperation in this fi eld. Knowledge as well as germplasm exchange are thereby welcomed that can benefi t breeding progress at national and international level.

Identification of novel haplotype of a cyst nematode resistance gene, GmSNAP18 in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ik-Young Choi ◽  
Prakash Basnet ◽  
Hana Yoo ◽  
Neha Samir Roy ◽  
Rahul Vasudeo Ramekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Soybean Breeding ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Scn Resistance

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is one of the most damaging pest of soybean. Discovery and characterization of the genes involved in SCN resistance are important in soybean breeding. Soluble NSF attachment protein (SNAP) genes are related to SCN resistance in soybean. SNAP genes include five gene families, and 2 haplotypes of exons 6 and 9 of SNAP18 are considered resistant to the SCN. In present study the haplotypes of GmSNAP18 were surveyed and chacterized in a total of 60 diverse soybean genotypes including Korean cultivars, landraces, and wild-types. The target region of exons 6 and 9 in GmSNAP18 region was amplified and sequenced to examine nucleotide variation. Characterization of 5 haplotypes identified in present study for the GmSNAP18 gene revealed two haplotypes as resistant, 1 as susceptible and two as novel. A total of twelve genotypes showed resistant haplotypes, and 45 cultivars were found susceptible. Interestingly, the two novel haplotypes were present in 3 soybean lines. The information provided here about the haplotypic variation of GmSNAP18 gene can be further explored for soybean breeding to develop resistant varieties.

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