scholarly journals ‘Good-genes’ and ‘compatible-genes’ effects in an Alpine whitefish and the information content of breeding tubercles over the course of the spawning season

Genetica ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Wedekind ◽  
Guillaume Evanno ◽  
Davnah Urbach ◽  
Alain Jacob ◽  
Rudolf Müller
Keyword(s):  
Information Content ◽  
Spawning Season ◽  
Good Genes ◽  
Compatible Genes

scholarly journals ‘Good-genes’ and ‘compatible-genes’ effects in an Alpine whitefish and the information content of breeding tubercles over the course of the spawning season

Genetica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Wedekind ◽  
Guillaume Evanno ◽  
Davnah Urbach ◽  
Alain Jacob ◽  
Rudolf Müller
Keyword(s):  
Information Content ◽  
Spawning Season ◽  
Good Genes ◽  
Compatible Genes

scholarly journals Mate Choice in Double-Breeding Female Great Tits (Parus Major): Good Males or Compatible Males

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Qianxi Fan ◽  
Mingju E ◽  
Yusheng Wei ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
Haitao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mate Choice ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Female Mate Choice ◽  
Good Genes ◽  
Temperate Latitude ◽  
Breeding Female ◽  
Genetic Benefits ◽  
Compatible Genes ◽  
Large Breast ◽  
First Clutch

Producing two broods within the same season may be a good strategy by which short-lived species can maximize reproductive success. To produce two clutches in the same breeding season and to ensure offspring quality, choosing a good mate is important for females. Previous studies on double breeding focused on the associated influencing factors, and few studies examined how females choose social mates. Good genes and genetic compatibility are the two main hypotheses of the genetic benefit that females obtain from choosing mates. Uncovering the method used in mate choice for genetic benefits adopted by double-breeding females would provide a better understanding of the life history and rules of female choice. The great tit is an optionally double-breeding species in temperate-latitude populations. Here, we used a dataset for a Chinese population monitored between 2014 and 2016 to test two hypotheses on double-breeding female mate choice. A total of 30.1% of the breeding pairs initiated second breeding attempts, always remating with the same mate. The date of the first egg of the first brood did not affect initiation of a second brood, and female individual heterozygosity slightly influenced initiation of a second breeding. Female great tits choose males with both compatible genes and good genes in double-breeding mating. Double-breeding females prefer males with large breast stripes, high heterozygosity, and lower relatedness, while tarsus length, repertoire size, and individual F are not the main factors considered by females when selecting males for double breeding. The number of offspring of the first clutch did not affect the pairing status of male great tits in double breeding. The genetic quality of offspring from double-breeding pairs was higher than that of those from single-breeding pairs (higher heterozygosity and lower individual F). Taken together, our results showed that double breeding female great tits adopt multiple methods for genetic benefits to choose mates.

MALE CHARACTERISTICS AND FERTILISATION SUCCESS IN BLUETHROATS

Behaviour ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 138 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1371-1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Örnborg ◽  
Staffan Andersson ◽  
Arild Johnsen ◽  
Jan Lifjeld ◽  
Trond Amundsen
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Good Genes ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Fertilisation Success ◽  
Extra Pair Paternity ◽  
Monogamous Species ◽  
Compatible Genes

AbstractExtra-pair copulations (EPCs) can create or intensify sexual selection and, provided that fertilisation success is related to phenotypic traits, help explain sexual dimorphism in socially monogamous species. Previous experimental manipulations of the ornamental coloration in male bluethroats, Luscinia s. svecica, have shown effects on their social mating success, mate-guarding behaviour, and within-pair- and extra-pair paternity. This study investigates the relationship between male characteristics (reflectance of the blue throat feathers, width of the chestnut breast band, wing length, body condition and age) and fertilisation success under natural, non-experimental conditions. Combining three breeding seasons, 29% of 720 offspring were sired by extra-pair males and 54% of 136 nests contained one or more extra-pair offspring. The chroma (spectral purity) of the blue throat feathers and the width of the chestnut band were positively related to paternity in own nest, and for blue chroma this translated into a significantly positive relation with total fertilisation success. This suggests that differential within-pair paternity success exerts directional selection on the colour signal. None of the throat colour measures or morphological traits were significantly related to overall extra-pair fertilisation (EPF) success. However, restricting the analysis to males with one or more EPFs, there was a positive relation between amount of extra-pair paternity and blue chroma. Old males were more successful than young ones in achieving EPFs. Pairwise comparisons showed no plumage differences between cuckolded males and the males that cuckolded them. The absence of phenotypic correlates of male EPC-success agrees with our recent finding that females improve offspring quality through individual choice of EPC partners with 'compatible genes' rather than 'good genes' in an absolute sense. Our results indicate that experiments where traits are manipulated outside the natural range should be interpreted with caution, and illustrate the importance of a dual approach (experimental and correlative) in studies of sexual selection in the wild.

scholarly journals The Good‐Genes and Compatible‐Genes Benefits of Mate Choice

2009 ◽  
Vol 174 (5) ◽  
pp. 741-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Puurtinen ◽  
Tarmo Ketola ◽  
J. S. Kotiaho
Keyword(s):  
Mate Choice ◽  
Good Genes ◽  
Compatible Genes

Applications of Scanning Microscopy in Biomedical Research

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 354-355
Author(s):  
T. L. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Information Content ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Whole Mount ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Content Information ◽  
Sectioned Tissue

Biomedical applications of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) have increased in number quite rapidly over the last several years. Studies have been made of cells, whole mount tissue, sectioned tissue, particles, human chromosomes, microorganisms, dental enamel and skeletal material. Many of the advantages of using this instrument for such investigations come from its ability to produce images that are high in information content. Information about the chemical make-up of the specimen, its electrical properties and its three dimensional architecture all may be represented in such images. Since the biological system is distinctive in its chemistry and often spatially scaled to the resolving power of the SEM, these images are particularly useful in biomedical research.In any form of microscopy there are two parameters that together determine the usefulness of the image. One parameter is the size of the volume being studied or resolving power of the instrument and the other is the amount of information about this volume that is displayed in the image. Both parameters are important in describing the performance of a microscope. The light microscope image, for example, is rich in information content (chemical, spatial, living specimen, etc.) but is very limited in resolving power.

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