Primary Care Provider and Child Characteristics Associated with Age of Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Population-Based Cohort Study

ObjectiveThe present study aimed to examine the association between paternal selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) use before conception and the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring.DesignA population-based cohort study.MethodsWe conducted a cohort study of 669 922 children born from 1998 to 2008, with follow-up throughout 2013. Based on Danish national registers, we linked information on paternal use of SSRIs, ASD diagnosed in children and a range of potential confounders. The children whose fathers used SSRIs during the last 3 months prior to conception were identified as the exposed. Cox regression model was used to estimate the HR for ASD in children.ResultsCompared with unexposed children, the exposed had a 1.62-fold higher risk of ASD (95% CI 1.33 to 1.96) and the risk attenuated after adjusting for potential confounders, especially fathers’ psychiatric conditions (HR=1.43, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.74). When extending the exposure window to 1 year before conception, the increased risk persisted in children of fathers using SSRIs only from the last year until the last 3 months prior to conception (HR=1.54, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.94) but not in children of fathers using SSRIs only during the last 3 months prior to conception (HR=1.17, 95% CI 0.75 to 1.82). We also performed stratified analyses according to paternal history of affective disorders and observed no increased ASD risk among children whose father had affective disorders. Besides, the sibling analysis showed that the ASD risk did not increase among exposed children compared with their unexposed siblings.ConclusionsThe mildly increased risk of ASD in the offspring associated with paternal SSRI use before conception may be attributable to paternal underlying psychiatric indications related to SSRI use or other unmeasured confounding factors.

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Associations between preterm birth and low birth weight in parents and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk in their offspring: A population-based multigenerational cohort study in Denmark

ISEE Conference Abstracts ◽

10.1289/isee.2020.virtual.p-0708 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (1) ◽

Author(s):

J. Xiao ◽

Y. Gao ◽

Y. Yu ◽

G. Toft ◽

Y. Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Population Based ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Spectrum Disorder

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Predictors and growth in receptive vocabulary from 4 to 8 years in children with and without autism spectrum disorder: A population-based study

Autism ◽

10.1177/1362361318801617 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 1322-1334

Author(s):

Amanda Brignell ◽

Tamara May ◽

Angela T Morgan ◽

Katrina Williams

Keyword(s):

Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽

Population Based ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Receptive Vocabulary ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Population Based Study

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Stability and change in resolution of diagnosis among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder: Child and parental contributions

Development and Psychopathology ◽

10.1017/s095457941500067x ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (4pt1) ◽

pp. 1045-1057 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Nurit Yirmiya ◽

Ifat Seidman ◽

Nina Koren-Karie ◽

David Oppenheim ◽

Smadar Dolev

Keyword(s):

Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽

Children With Autism ◽

Well Being ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Maternal Attachment ◽

Child Characteristics ◽

Mothers And Fathers ◽

Mental Age ◽

Parental Characteristics

AbstractThe contribution of change over time in parent and child characteristics to parents’ resolution of child's diagnosis was examined among 78 mothers and fathers of children with autism spectrum disorder. Children's characteristics (e.g., mental age and severity of symptoms), parental characteristics (e.g., attachment-related anxiety and stress level), and parents’ resolution of their child's diagnosis (resolved vs. unresolved) were examined at Time 1, and reassessed 3 years later at Time 2. Results indicated a deferential contribution of change in parent and child characteristics among mothers and fathers. An increase in child symptom severity and in maternal attachment-related anxiety, as well as longer durations of time since receiving the diagnosis, significantly predicted maternal resolved status at Time 2. Conversely, none of the changes in children's or paternal characteristics predicted paternal resolved status at Time 2. Results are discussed in relation to child and parental contributions to resolution, the differences in the adjustment and well-being of mothers and fathers of children with autism spectrum disorder, parental growth following receiving the diagnosis, and the need for intervention components specific to parental resolution and attachment-related anxiety.

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