Efficient use of bicarbonate for mass production and carbon isotopic labelling of the green alga Ulva ohnoi under natural conditions

Author(s):  
José-Pedro Cañavate ◽  
Victoria Anguís-Climent ◽  
Catalina Fernández-Díaz
Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 591-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Snoeck ◽  
F Brock ◽  
R J Schulting

An important advance in the radiocarbon dating of archaeological material occurred in the late 1990s, with direct dating of cremated human remains. A crucial part of the argument was the demonstration that comparable results could be obtained from paired dates of charcoal and calcined bone from the same contexts. Recent studies, however, have noted the influence of carbon from the fuel sources, raising a question over the interpretation of the paired charcoal/bone dates. Here, fleshed modern animal joints were burned with “old” fuel of known age, providing experimental evidence under natural conditions, demonstrating a clear effect of the fuel source on the carbon isotopic composition of calcined bone. In most situations in which branchwood was used as fuel, dates on calcined bone should not show any significant offset, as the wood will be of a similar age to the cadaver. For cases in which old wood, coal, or peat are used as fuel, we expect an offset of some decades/centuries, potentially up to millennia. We observed, however, that the amount of14C intake from the fuel is extremely variable (from 39 to 95%). A strong correlation between age offset and δ13C values suggests that the latter might be useful in identifying large inputs from14C-depleted fuels. A level of caution is recommended when14C dating calcined bone in cases where fuels with an inbuilt age may have been used in the cremation process.


1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 2171-2177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Garty ◽  
Jacob Delarea

Free-living cells of a green alga were found on pitted surfaces of old concrete tiles. Ascospores of the epilithic crustose lichens Lecanora dispersa, Protoblastenia immersa, Candelariella aurella, and Caloplaca aurantia, which colonize this substrate, were found in the same microniches as the algal cells. Free ascospores of these lichens were found in groups of seven or eight and it is suggested, therefore, that under natural conditions these ascospores are liberated from the lichen asci in clusters of eight. Contacts between free-living algal cells and germinating ascospores of the lichens Lecanora dispersa and Caloplaca aurantia were also observed.


2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1040-1044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia F. van Winden ◽  
Nardy Kip ◽  
Gert-Jan Reichart ◽  
Mike S.M. Jetten ◽  
Huub J.M. Op den Camp ◽  
...  

Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (02) ◽  
pp. 591-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Snoeck ◽  
F Brock ◽  
R J Schulting

An important advance in the radiocarbon dating of archaeological material occurred in the late 1990s, with direct dating of cremated human remains. A crucial part of the argument was the demonstration that comparable results could be obtained from paired dates of charcoal and calcined bone from the same contexts. Recent studies, however, have noted the influence of carbon from the fuel sources, raising a question over the interpretation of the paired charcoal/bone dates. Here, fleshed modern animal joints were burned with “old” fuel of known age, providing experimental evidence under natural conditions, demonstrating a clear effect of the fuel source on the carbon isotopic composition of calcined bone. In most situations in which branchwood was used as fuel, dates on calcined bone should not show any significant offset, as the wood will be of a similar age to the cadaver. For cases in which old wood, coal, or peat are used as fuel, we expect an offset of some decades/centuries, potentially up to millennia. We observed, however, that the amount of14C intake from the fuel is extremely variable (from 39 to 95%). A strong correlation between age offset and δ13C values suggests that the latter might be useful in identifying large inputs from14C-depleted fuels. A level of caution is recommended when14C dating calcined bone in cases where fuels with an inbuilt age may have been used in the cremation process.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratna Mondal ◽  
Miho Satoh ◽  
Kouhei Ohnishi

We present here the draft genome sequences of four marine bacterial strains which can use ulvan as their sole carbon source. We used ulvan extracted from the green alga Ulva ohnoi. Each bacterium contains a polysaccharide-utilizing locus, which is necessary for the complete degradation of ulvan.


1975 ◽  
Vol 30 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 219-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Pohl ◽  
G. Drath

Abstract Wachstum und Stickstoff-Ausscheidung von Anabaena solitaria bei Züchtung in Süß­ wasser bzw. in Mischungen aus Süß-und Seewasser sowie unter Zusatz von Fe, Mn und Mo Nitrogen Excretion by Nitrogen Fixing Blue-green Algae, II Growth and Nitrogen Excretion of Anabaena solitaria Grown in Freshwater and in Mixtures of Freshwater and Seawater, as Well as with Fe, Mn, and Mo Added to the Nutrient Medium Nitrogen Excretion, Nitrogen Fixing Blue-green Algae, Anabaena solitaria, Blue-green Algae The nitrogen fixing blue-green alga, Anabaena solitaria, was grown in freshwater and in mixtures of freshwater and seawater. Freshwater and a 5% mixture (95 volumes of freshwater and 5 volumes of seawater) proved to be most suitable: Growth (as expressed by the formation of chlorophylls; approx. 1.9 u g chlorophyll/ml) was comparatively high. The nitrogen content of the nutrient medium was increased to 750 - 760 //mol N/1. Upon addition of appropriate amounts of FeCl3 , MnCl2 , and Na2MoO4 , the nitrogen content reached 1060 -1080//mol N /1, whereas the chlorophyll formation remained at approximately the same level. Thus Fe, Mn, and Mo appear to have a stimulating effect on nitrogen excretion by Anabaena solitaria. Under the conditions de­ scribed, this organism may be suitable for the mass production of algae.


2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Robert C. Ulin

The concept of terroir has an extensive history in France linking a multitude of agricultural products to climate, soil, and local knowledge. More recently, terroir is used in viticulture to emphasize the distinctiveness of wine with respect to regional natural and cultural resources and in so doing has become important to tourism. This article addresses terroir by pointing to its substantial virtues while unveiling its potential for mystification. In the age of mass production, terroir offers distinction, an essential attribute for touristic appeal. However, in its emphasis on climate and soil in the viticultural domain, terroir conceals important historical processes that in the end speak as much, if not more, to how we rank and regard wine. Moreover, the focus on natural conditions rather than those that are social also masks social relations that are embedded in class privilege and thus give the impression that wine has a life of its own independent of its historical and social contexts.


Biomass ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avigad Vonshak ◽  
Amos Richmond

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