Chaoborus americanus predation influences Bosmina mucro lengths in fishless lakes

2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew L. Labaj ◽  
Joshua Kurek ◽  
John P. Smol
Keyword(s):  
Fishless Lakes ◽  
Chaoborus Americanus

Historical Status of Fish Populations in Canadian Rocky Mountain Lakes Inferred from Subfossil Chaoborus (Diptera: Chaoboridae) Mandibles

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1376-1383 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lamontagne ◽  
D. W. Schindler
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Fishless Lakes ◽  
Chaoborus Flavicans ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Chaoborus Americanus ◽  
Couesius Plumbeus

We used subfossil Chaoborus mandibles preserved in sediments of Cabin, Caledonia, and Celestine lakes, Alberta, to determine whether fish were present in the lakes (which now contain rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and lake chub (Couesius plumbeus)) prior to the first fish stockings early this century. We first tested whether Chaoborus were good indicators of the presence of fish in montane lakes in a survey of 43 lakes in jasper and Banff national parks. Chaoborus americanus was the only species inhabiting fishless lakes and was also found in three lakes with low fish density (co-occurring with C. flavicans in two of the three lakes). Other lakes containing fish had either C. flavicans or no Chaoborus species. Subfossils revealed that C. americanus was the predominant species prior to this century in Cabin and Celestine lakes, suggesting that these lakes were originally fishless; C. americanus (and C. trivittatus in Cabin Lake) were eliminated early this century, contemporarily with the first recorded fish stockings. Chaoborus flavicans was the only species recovered from Caledonia Lake, suggesting that the lake had fish prior to this century; while it is not possible to identify the species originally present, historical evidence suggests that rainbow trout is native to Caledonia Lake.

Inter- and Intra-specific Variability in the Response of Zooplankton to Acid Stress

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 1749-1754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund E. Price ◽  
Michael C. Swift
Keyword(s):  
Natural Populations ◽  
Daphnia Pulex ◽  
Acid Stress ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Acid Sensitivity ◽  
Chaoborus Americanus ◽  
Acute Bioassays ◽  
Mesocyclops Edax

We measured the toxicity of sulfuric acid to natural populations of Daphnia pulex, D. galeata mendotae, Simocephalus serrulatus, Mesocyclops edax, Chaoborus americanus, and C. punctipennis. Organisms were collected in the spring and fall from acidic (pH 5.4) and circumneutral (pH 6.3–7.5) ponds, and their response to low pH was compared in 48- or 96-h acute bioassays. Based on 48- and 96-h LC50, cladocerans were most susceptible to acid stress, followed by Mesocyclops and Chaoborus larvae. Simocephalus was the most tolerant cladoceran, followed by D. pulex then D. galeata mendotae. Daphnia populations tested in the spring or early summer were more tolerant of low pH than those tested in the fall. Mesocyclops edax from an acid pond were more tolerant than those from a neutral pond. The response of the two Chaoborus species to low pH were quite similar; their 96-h LC50 (2.00, 2.09) was two pH units lower than those of cladocerans and one pH unit lower than that of M. edax. Our data demonstrate interspecific variability in acid sensitivity and suggest intraspecific variability due to habitat and season.

The impact of two Chaoborus species on a zooplankton community

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 981-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil A. MacKay ◽  
Stephen R. Carpenter ◽  
Patricia A. Soranno ◽  
Michael J. Vanni
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Daphnia Pulex ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Chlorophyll A Concentration ◽  
Chaoborus Flavicans ◽  
Chaoborus Americanus ◽  
Diaptomus Oregonensis ◽  
Herbivore Responses ◽  
The Impact

The responses of a zooplankton community to Chaoborus predation were studied in large in situ mesocosms in Peter Lake. Chaoborus flavicans, the native chaoborid, significantly reduced the density of the dominant grazer, Daphnia pulex, in relation to controls that lacked Chaoborus. Chaoborus americanus, a species found only in fishless bogs, reduced Da. pulex densities far more than the chaoborid found in Peter Lake, C. flavicans. Chaoborus americanus also significantly reduced the dominant copepod, Diaptomus oregonensis, in relation to both the control and the C. flavicans treatment. Chlorophyll a concentration did not differ among treatments, indicating that herbivore responses could not be explained by changes in food levels. Our results show that Chaoborus predation can greatly affect a zooplankton community, especially daphnids.

Discriminating zooplankton communities in lakes with brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and in fishless lakes

Ecoscience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annick Drouin ◽  
Pascal Sirois ◽  
Philippe Archambault
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Fishless Lakes ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

scholarly journals Homeostasis and Polymorphism in Vernal Development of Chaoborus Americanus

Ecology ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1247-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Bradshaw
Keyword(s):  
Chaoborus Americanus

Invasive trout increase the climatic sensitivity of zooplankton communities in naturally fishless lakes

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1502-1513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan M. MacLennan ◽  
Chantal Dings-Avery ◽  
Rolf D. Vinebrooke
Keyword(s):  
Fishless Lakes ◽  
Climatic Sensitivity ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

Freshwater Zooplankton Community Structure: Introduction of Large Invertebrate Predators and Large Herbivores to a Small Species Community

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1758-1770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Vanni
Keyword(s):  
Introduced Species ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Zooplankton Species ◽  
Small Species ◽  
Daphnia Galeata ◽  
Resident Species ◽  
Large Herbivores ◽  
Fishless Lakes ◽  
Invertebrate Predators ◽  
Daphnia Galeata Mendotae

Two hypotheses have been proposed to explain the scarcity of small zooplankton species in fishless lakes, in which large zooplankton species dominate: (1) selective predation on small species by large invertebrate predators and (2) competitive suppression of small species by large herbivores. These hypotheses were tested at the Experimental Lakes Area (ELA) by introducing a large invertebrate predator, Chaoborus americanus, and a large herbivore, Daphnia catawba, both common in fishless ELA lakes, into a zooplankton community typical of ELA lakes with fish (small zooplankton species present). Chaoborus had much more of an impact than D. catawba on resident zooplankton, although both introduced species significantly reduced the abundance of some resident species. Daphnia galeata mendotae, the dominant species in the absence of introduced species, was reduced to virtual extinction by Chaoborus. The cladocerans Bosmina and Diaphanosoma, the copepods Diaptomus spp., and the rotifer Conochilus also were reduced in abundance by Chaoborus. Daphnia galeata mendotae and Bosmina were the only resident species consistently reduced in abundance by D. catawba. These results support current conceptual models that depict invertebrate predation as an important factor responsible for the relative scarcity of small zooplankton species in fishless lakes.

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