A Longitudinal Evaluation of the Positive Action Program in a Low-Income, Racially Diverse, Rural County: Effects on Self-Esteem, School Hassles, Aggression, and Internalizing Symptoms

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 2337-2358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenyang Guo ◽  
Qi Wu ◽  
Paul R. Smokowski ◽  
Martica Bacallao ◽  
Caroline B. R. Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Action Program ◽  
Racially Diverse ◽  
Rural County ◽  
Longitudinal Evaluation ◽  
Positive Action

Evaluating dosage effects for the positive action program: How implementation impacts internalizing symptoms, aggression, school hassles, and self-esteem.

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Smokowski ◽  
Shenyang Guo ◽  
Qi Wu ◽  
Caroline B. R. Evans ◽  
Katie L. Cotter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Action Program ◽  
Dosage Effects ◽  
Positive Action

scholarly journals Meeting the Challenges of Longitudinal Cluster-Based Trials in Schools: Lessons From the Chicago Trial of Positive Action

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendra M. Lewis ◽  
David L. DuBois ◽  
Peter Ji ◽  
Joseph Day ◽  
Naida Silverthorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Student Mobility ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Study Planning ◽  
Positive Action ◽  
Cluster Randomized

We describe challenges in the 6-year longitudinal cluster randomized controlled trial (CRCT) of Positive Action (PA), a social–emotional and character development (SECD) program, conducted in 14 low-income, urban Chicago Public Schools. Challenges pertained to logistics of study planning (school recruitment, retention of schools during the trial, consent rates, assessment of student outcomes, and confidentiality), study design (randomization of a small number of schools), fidelity (implementation of PA and control condition activities), and evaluation (restricted range of outcomes, measurement invariance, statistical power, student mobility, and moderators of program effects). Strategies used to address the challenges within each of these areas are discussed. Incorporation of lessons learned from this study may help to improve future evaluations of longitudinal CRCTs, especially those that involve evaluation of school-based interventions for minority populations and urban areas.

scholarly journals Diabetes and Co-morbid Depression Among Racially Diverse, Low-Income Adults

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Y. Osborn ◽  
Kushal A. Patel ◽  
Jianguo Liu ◽  
Hollister W. Trott ◽  
Maciej S. Buchowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Racially Diverse

scholarly journals Neighborhood built environment impacts park use of diverse, low-income mothers and their children

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
Lauren Mullenbach ◽  
Lincoln Larson ◽  
Myron Floyd ◽  
Oriol Marquet ◽  
Jing-Huei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Low Income ◽  
The United States ◽  
Racially Diverse ◽  
Perceived Safety ◽  
Neighborhood Walkability ◽  
Park Use ◽  
Physical Health Outcomes ◽  
Low Income Mothers ◽  
Neighborhood Built Environment

Built environment features, including parks, often exacerbate health disparities. We examined built environment perceptions and park use among a population at high risk for physical health outcomes: racially diverse, low-income mothers across the United States. Perceived safety from crime and living near a park were associated with more frequent park use for mothers and their children, and neighborhood walkability was linked to longer park visits. However, only 40% of mothers lived within a ten-minute walk from a park, and perceptions of walkability and safety from crime were low. To enhance physical activity and health of low-income mothers and their children, investments are needed to close disparities in park access and improve neighborhood safety.

scholarly journals Childhood poverty and adult psychological well-being

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (52) ◽  
pp. 14949-14952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary W. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Childhood Poverty ◽  
Childhood Disadvantage ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Childhood disadvantage has repeatedly been linked to adult physical morbidity and mortality. We show in a prospective, longitudinal design that childhood poverty predicts multimethodological indices of adult (24 y of age) psychological well-being while holding constant similar childhood outcomes assessed at age 9. Adults from low-income families manifest more allostatic load, an index of chronic physiological stress, higher levels of externalizing symptoms (e.g., aggression) but not internalizing symptoms (e.g., depression), and more helplessness behaviors. In addition, childhood poverty predicts deficits in adult short-term spatial memory.

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