scholarly journals Evaluating the higher education productivity of Chinese and European “elite” universities using a meta-frontier approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Agasisti ◽  
Guo-liang Yang ◽  
Yao-yao Song ◽  
Carolyn-Thi Thanh Dung Tran
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Elite Universities ◽  
Main Determinants

AbstractThis research focuses on a sample of European and Chinese elite universities for the period 2011–2015. We adopt a meta-frontier methodology to decompose their overall productivity in three main determinants: (1) technical efficiency compared with contemporaneous technology, (2) change in technical efficiency and (3) technology relative superiority of the two groups of universities. The results reveal different patterns of evolution: Chinese institutions’ productivity grows faster than that of their European counterparts (+ 7.15%/year vs 4.51%/year), however the latter maintain a higher level of technology in efficient production as a group.

Using the theory of planned behavior to understand the students’ pro-environmental behavior: a case-study in a Portuguese HEI

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabete Correia ◽  
Sara Sousa ◽  
Clara Viseu ◽  
Joana Leite
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Environmental Behavior ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Environmental Attitude ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Main Determinants

Purpose Through the application of the theory of planned behavior (TPB), this study aims to explore the main determinants of higher education students’ pro-environmental behavior. Design/methodology/approach An online survey was conducted among the students of a public higher education institution (HEI) in Portugal, from March to May of 2020. The data were analyzed with the structural equation modeling technique, considering environmental attitude, knowledge, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control as exogenous latent variables, and pro-environmental intention and behavior as endogenous latent variables. Findings The results show that the students’ environmental attitude and knowledge have no significant impact on their pro-environmental intention, while the students’ subjective norm and perceived behavioral control have a positive impact on their pro-environmental intention. The results also reveal that the students’ perceived behavioral control and pro-environmental intention have a strong and positive impact on their pro-environmental behavior. Research limitations/implications This study focuses on the students from a single public HEI, in accounting and administration area, and deepens environmental behavior in relation to resources’ consumption. Practical implications This study provides findings that can be useful for HEIs to be more effective in their policies, strategies and practices to improve students’ environmental behavior. Originality/value The paper contributes to the literature by exploring the main determinants of higher education students’ pro-environmental behavior in a Portuguese HEI and extending the TPB considering the additional variable environmental knowledge.

Axis of advantage: elites in higher education

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Roll Call ◽  
Elite Universities ◽  
Critical Commentary ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Elite Institutions ◽  
Educational Marketplace

The intention in this chapter is to offer a critical commentary on ways in which the educational marketplace works to the advantage of elite universities. It is these institutions that use their histories and traditions, image and reputation, to further preserve and reproduce their privilege, position and power. This is labelled as the axis of advantage. Elite institutions are well recognised and accrue esteem based on those who work or have worked there, those who study there or who have studied there, and by the philanthropic bequests received. This chapter argues that this roll call of individuals, alumni, benefactors and networks linked further disconnects elite institutions with the ordinary and the everyday.

scholarly journals Selling the Liberal Arts Degree in England: Unique Students, Generic Skills and Mass Higher Education

Sociology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1290-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Telling
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Generic Skills ◽  
Mass Higher Education ◽  
Elite Universities ◽  
Post War ◽  
Academic Year

This article examines a series of well-documented changes in post-war English higher education: the massification of, and increased differentiation within, the system, as well as changing relationships between credentials, skills and incomes. It offers an account of the new liberal arts degrees rapidly emerging at both elite and non-elite universities in England, explaining these as a response to, and negotiation of, an ever-changing higher-education landscape. Through an analysis of the promotional websites of the 17 English liberal arts degrees offered in the 2016–2017 academic year, the article links their emergence to broader trends, while insisting that there are crucial differences in the ways in which elite and non-elite universities use new degrees to negotiate the higher education landscape.

scholarly journals Resources and competencies as major determinants of university models 4.0

2020 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 09001
Author(s):  
Zabira Madaliуeva ◽  
Gulmira Kassen ◽  
Nazira Sadykova ◽  
Laura Baimoldina ◽  
Shynar Zakaryanova
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Generation Model ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
The University ◽  
New Generation

The article considers the concept of resources and competences in the context of the transition of universities to a new generation model - “University 4.0.” Based on an analysis of the historical variability of university models, it is justified that resources and competencies act as the main determinants of the 4.0 university model in the modern realities of higher education. The analysis of sources claims that the movement from University 1.0 to University 4.0 increases the level of “transition” of talent and knowledge. In this way, the authors reach to the concept of “resources,” as supra-competent determinants of the growth of the university. Based on the analysis of the global challenges of the modern world, the need to distinguish the spiritual mission of universities as important actors in the development of modern society is justified. Is presented the model of the University of the Fourth Generation, developed by Al-Farabi KazNU.

scholarly journals Mitigating Corruption in Higher Education

2021 ◽  
pp. 153-159
Author(s):  
Elena Denisova-Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Academic Integrity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Academic Misconduct ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Unethical Behaviour ◽  
Elite Universities ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

AbstractThe lack of academic integrity, fraud, and other forms of unethical behaviour are problems that higher education faces in both developing and developed countries, at mass and elite universities, and public and private institutions. While academic misconduct is not new, massification, internationalization, privatization, digitalization, and commercialization have placed ethics higher on the agenda for many universities (Denisova-Schmidt and De Wit 2017; Denisova-Schmidt 2018, 2019; Bretag 2020).

scholarly journals Agricultural Transition and Technical Efficiency: An Empirical Analysis of Wheat-Cultivating Farms in Samarkand Region, Uzbekistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babakholov Sherzod ◽  
Kyung-Ryang Kim ◽  
Sang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Agricultural Transition ◽  
Agriculture Soil ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Using Data

Wheat and wheat products are an important part of the daily diet of Uzbek people, and thus, are under strategic consideration in terms of food security in Uzbekistan since the beginning of independence. In this study, wheat production during agricultural transition is reviewed and determinants of technical efficiency of wheat-cultivating farms in the Samarkand region are analyzed. Analyses are accomplished in two steps. In the initial step, technical efficiency of wheat farms is estimated using data envelopment analyses (DEA) and determenants of inefficiencies are analyzed by the Tobit model in the second step. Data for this study were collected from 124 randomly sampled private farms engaged in wheat production in the Samarkand region. The mean value of technical efficiency scores of wheat-growing farmers were found to be 0.79 and 0.82 under constant return to scale (CRS) and variable return to scale (VRS) assumptions. Empirical results suggest that there is a considerable scope for increasing production through reallocation of existing resources or that private farmers can reduce their input costs by 21 and 18 percent while holding the same production levels. The age of farmers, farmers’ education on agriculture, soil fertility, and the quality of seeds were found as the main determinants of technical efficiency in the study area.

scholarly journals Economic analysis of turmeric cultivation: evidence from Khagrachari district

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-58
Author(s):  
MEA Begum ◽  
MA Monayem Miah ◽  
MA Rashid ◽  
MT Islam ◽  
MI Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
Potential Output ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Net Benefits

Turmeric is a good source of income for hilly people of Bangladesh. The study estimated the profitability and technical efficiency of turmeric cultivation in Khagrachhari district. In total 150 turmeric farms located in Khagrachari Sadar, Panchari and Matiranga Upazilas of Khagrachari district, were surveyed. Data were collected, using a pre-tested questionnaire during January, 2015. The study revealed that turmeric farming is a profitable farming with some dominating variable costs like seed (rhizome) and sowing, harvesting and carrying. As the net return was Tk. 112139 per hectare and the BCR of sampled farmers was 2.20, this indicates that turmeric farms with a BCR greater than 1 have greater benefits than costs as well as positive net benefits. Seed (rhizome) and fertilizer showed significant positive effects on the turmeric production in the stochastic frontier production model. Turmeric farming displayed a mean technical efficiency of 82%, which suggested a substantial 18% of potential output of turmeric can be recovered by removing inefficiency. Besides improving technical efficiency, potential also exists for raising turmeric production through higher education and extension services. For a land scarce country like Bangladesh this gain could help increase income and ensure better livelihood for the hilly farmers. The policy implication of the analysis is that investment in education and extension service would greatly improve technical efficiency that contribute to income of the hilly people. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(1): 43-58, March 2019

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