scholarly journals Understanding the effect of indoor air pollution on pneumonia in children under 5 in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of evidence

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 3208-3225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enemona Emmanuel Adaji ◽  
Winifred Ekezie ◽  
Michael Clifford ◽  
Revati Phalkey
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Children Under 5 ◽  
Low And Middle Income

scholarly journals Exposure of pregnant women to indoor air pollution: a study from nine low and middle income countries

2010 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Masood Kadir ◽  
Elizabeth M. McClure ◽  
Shivaprasad S. Goudar ◽  
Ana L. Garces ◽  
Janet Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

scholarly journals Diurnal variability of fine-particulate pollution concentrations: data from 14 low- and middle-income countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-214
Author(s):  
R. Dobson ◽  
K. Siddiqi ◽  
T. Ferdous ◽  
R. Huque ◽  
M. Lesosky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Diurnal Variability ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Low And Middle Income

BACKGROUND: Scientific understanding of indoor air pollution is predominately based on research carried out in cities in high‐income countries (HICs). Less is known about how pollutant concentrations change over the course of a typical day in cities in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs).OBJECTIVE: To understand how concentrations of fine particulate matter smaller than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5) change over the course of the day outdoors (across a range of countries) and indoors (using measurements from Dhaka, Bangladesh).DESIGN: Data on PM2.5 concentrations were gathered from 779 households in Dhaka as part of the MCLASS II (Muslim Communities Learning About Second‐hand Smoke in Bangladesh) project, and compared to outdoor PM2.5 concentrations to determine the temporal variation in exposure to air pollution. Hourly PM2.5 data from 23 cities in 14 LMICs, as well as London (UK), Paris (France) and New York (NY, USA), were extracted from publicly available sources for comparison.RESULTS: PM2.5 in homes in Dhaka demonstrated a similar temporal pattern to outdoor measurements, with greater concentrations at night than in the afternoon. This pattern was also evident in 19 of 23 LMIC cities.CONCLUSION: PM2.5 concentrations are greater at night than during the afternoon in homes in Dhaka. Diurnal variations in PM2.5 in LMICs is substantial and greater than in London, Paris or New York. This has implications for public health community approaches to health effects of air pollution in LMICs.

scholarly journals Solar Home Systems for Clean Cooking: A Cost–Health Benefit Analysis of Lower-Middle-Income Countries in Southeast Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3909
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Roger Raufer ◽  
Lingxuan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Poverty ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Home Systems

Limited access to clean energy has long been an obstacle to livelihood improvement of populations mired in energy poverty. Cooking with traditional biomass contributes to high levels of indoor air pollution, thus imposing significant threats to public health. Due to the accessibility and affordability of clean fuels for rural residents, this study proposes that renewable solar energy be employed to supply power for induction cooking stoves (ICS) through solar home systems (SHS), and estimates both the costs and health benefits of upgrading to ICS and SHS in lower-middle-income countries (LMCs) in Southeast Asia. Disability-Adjusted Life Years and the value of a statistical life year were employed to estimate the health benefits of ICS-SHS. The results suggest that the health benefits brought by ICS-SHS alone can surpass the estimated minimum cost for an ICS-SHS in the six LMCs in Southeast Asia. This study provides a potential reference for getting other energy poverty regions involved with affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy, as well as simultaneously tackling indoor air pollution caused by cooking.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of interventions to reduce household air pollution from solid biomass fuels and improve maternal and child health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine E. Woolley ◽  
Emma Dickinson-Craig ◽  
Suzanne E. Bartington ◽  
Tosin Oludotun ◽  
Bruce Kirenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Biomass Fuels ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Solid Biomass ◽  
And Child Health ◽  
Children Under 5

Abstract Background A variety of public health interventions have been undertaken in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to prevent morbidity and mortality associated with household air pollution (HAP) due to cooking, heating and lighting with solid biomass fuels. Pregnant women and children under five are particularly vulnerable to the effects of HAP, due to biological susceptibility and typically higher exposure levels. However, the relative health benefits of interventions to reduce HAP exposure among these groups remain unclear. This systematic review aims to assess, among pregnant women, infants and children (under 5 years) in LMIC settings, the effectiveness of interventions which aim to reduce household air pollutant emissions due to household solid biomass fuel combustion, compared to usual cooking practices, in terms of health outcomes associated with HAP exposure. Methods This protocol follows standard systematic review processes and abides by the PRISMA-P reporting guidelines. Searches will be undertaken in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), The Global Index Medicus (GIM), ClinicalTrials.gov and Greenfile, combining terms for pregnant women and children with interventions or policy approaches to reduce HAP from biomass fuels or HAP terms and LMIC countries. Included studies will be those reporting (i) pregnant women and children under 5 years; (ii) fuel transition, structural, educational or policy interventions; and (iii) health events associated with HAP exposure which occur among pregnant women or among children within the perinatal period, infancy and up to 5 years of age. A narrative synthesis will be undertaken for each population-intervention-outcome triad stratified by study design. Clinical and methodological homogeneity within each triad will be used to determine the feasibility for undertaking meta-analyses to give a summary estimate of the effect for each outcome. Discussion This systematic review will identify the effectiveness of existing HAP intervention measures in LMIC contexts, with discussion on the context of implementation and adoption, and summarise current literature of relevance to maternal and child health. This assessment reflects the need for HAP interventions which achieve measurable health benefits, which would need to be supported by policies that are socially and economically acceptable in LMIC settings worldwide. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42020164998

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