Application of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry as effective tool for trace analysis of organochlorine pesticide residues in honey samples

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2211-2218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mir-Michael Mousavi ◽  
Mahboob Nemati ◽  
Ali Akbar Alizadeh Nabili ◽  
Mansour mahmoudpour ◽  
Seyedrafie Arefhosseini
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticide ◽  
Trace Analysis ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticide Residues ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN SOME VEGETABLES AND FRUIT BY QuEChERS TECHNIQUES AND GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY /MASS SPECTROMETRY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-370
Author(s):  
F. Suleiman ◽  
A. A. Nuhu ◽  
K. I. Omoniyi ◽  
Z. I. Yashim
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticide ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Heptachlor Epoxide ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticide Residues

The concentrations of organochlorine pesticide residues were analysed in some vegetables and fruit (spinach, lettuce, cabbage, tomatoes, carrots and onions)  grown at Dagachi farming areas along River Galma of Zaria in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Sample collection and preparation were carried out using standard procedures. The concentrations of all the pesticides in the fruits and vegetables samples were analysed using quick easy cheap effective rugged and safe (QuEChERS) multi- residue extraction and clean up techniques, followed by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC – MS). The most commonly detected organochlorine pesticide residues in the entire samples analysed are lindane, delta – BHC, heptachlor epoxide (B), endosulfan I, dieldrin, and endosulfan II. Furthermore, the results of the study shows that the mean concentration of these organochlorines pesticide detected were higher in onion and spinach with heptachlor epoxide (B) having concentrations 2.303 mg/kg and 2.011 mg/kg respectively. Likewise, endosulfan II (1.433 mg/kg) in lettuce was observed. Heptachlor epoxide (B) detected were also very high in other samples such as carrot, cabbage, and tomatoes and with values 0.600 mg/kg, 0.716 mg/kg, and 0.524 mg/kg respectively. Indeed, these concentrations of all the organochlorine pesticides detected in the fruit and vegetables samples analysed were observed to be at alarming levels, much higher than the maximum residue limits (MRLs) by the Codex 2009 (WHO and FAO) except for lindane with values 0.007 mg/kg and 0.01 mg/kg in carrot and onions respectively 

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