IAA and zeatin controls cell division and endoreduplication process in quiescent center cells of Allium cepa root

Fruits are important sources of nutrients in human diet, and Barbados Cherry (Malpighia glabra L.) is of particular interest due to its high content of antioxidants. Diets rich in fruits and vegetables protect individuals against diseases and cancer, but excessive intake of vitamins may act as pro-oxidant and generate changes in DNA. To evaluate the effect of different in natura (BAN) and frozen (BAF) Barbados Cherry pulp concentrations and synthetic vitamin C in liquid form (VC) on the chromosome level and the cell cycle division, root meristeme cells of Allium cepa L. and bone marrow cells of Wistar rats Rattus norvegicus, were used as test system. In Allium cepa L., BAN, at the highest concentration (0.4 mg.mL-1) and BAF, at the lowest concentration (0.2 mg.mL-1), inhibited cell division, and there was recovery of cell division after the recovery period in water only for BAN. In the Wistar rats, all treatments with Barbados Cherry, either acute or subchronic, were not cytotoxic or mutagenic; only the highest concentration of VC increased significantly the rate of chromosomal abnormalities. The data obtained are important to reinforce the use of Barbados Cherry fruit in the diet.

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Evaluation of Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effect of Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile Extract Using Allium cepa Bioassay

EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) ◽

10.36713/epra4107 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 154-159

Author(s):

Samah Bodowara ◽

Fauzia El Garaboli ◽

Salem El shatshat

Keyword(s):

Cell Division ◽

Allium Cepa ◽

Chromosomal Aberrations ◽

Genetic Material ◽

Genotoxic Effect ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Root Tips ◽

Mitotic Abnormalities ◽

Dividing Cells ◽

Allium Cepa Assay

The present study aimed to measure the cytotoxic and genotoxic effect of the bark of A. nilotica extract. Allium cepa assay was used to find out the effect of A. nilotica extract on chromosome structure and behavior during cell division. The root tips meristem cells were treated with different concentration of A. nilotica bark aqueous extract (0.1, 0.01 and 0.001mg/ml) for 4, 6, 12 and 24 hours, respectively. Cytological analysis revealed decreasing in cell division in all used concentration especially at high ones. The obtained results indicate that aqueous extracts of A. nilotica plant have the ability to decrease the (MI%) values with increasing the concentration at (P<0.005). All treatments have caused different kind of mitotic abnormalities and chromosomal aberrations, such as: change percentage of mitotic phases, C-mitosis, stickiness, chromosome bridges, Micronucleus and vagrant chromosome. The action of A. nilotica bark extract on the genetic material led to decrease in dividing cells number which was concentration and time depended. This inhibition of cell division was due to disturbances in nucleus as a result of inhibition of DNA synthesis. KEY WORDS: Allium cepa assay: A. nilotica: Chromosomal aberrations; MI.

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Antigenotoxic potential of gel extract of Aloe vera against Sodium azide genotoxicity in Allium cepa cells

Journal of Medicinal Herbs and Ethnomedicine ◽

10.25081/jmhe.2021.v7.6309 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Akeem Akinboro ◽

Aisha Jimoh

Keyword(s):

Cell Division ◽

Allium Cepa ◽

Sodium Azide ◽

Dose Range ◽

Aloe Vera ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Root Tips ◽

Aloe Vera Gel ◽

Lower Dose Range ◽

Dose Dependent

Nowadays, the increasing rate of human exposure to various kinds of environmental mutagens has necessitated the search for natural antimutagens /antigenotoxic agents in natural products. In this study, Aloe vera gel extract was tested for its possible antigenotoxicity following the Allium cepa assay. Ten onions (Allium cepa) per dose were grown for 48 and 72 hours on gel extract of A. vera at 6.25%, 12.5%, 25.0%, 50.0% and 100.0% in combination with sodium azide (0.05mg/ml) solution for microscopic and macroscopic evaluations, respectively. Distilled water and sodium azide were the negative and positive controls, respectively. The cell division in the root tips, and root growth in the exposed A. cepa were inhibited in a dose dependent manner by the mixture of A. vera and sodium azide. However, the mixture of absolute (100.0%) dose and sodium azide completely arrested cell division and induced a lower root length than that recorded for sodium azide alone. The genotoxicity of sodium azide was inversely reduced by the doses of A. vera except at 100.0%. These results show that gel extract of A. vera possesses strong antigenotoxic /antimutagenic potency at lower dose range of 6.25% to 25.0% in A. cepa cells, however, its higher doses above 50.0% to 100.0% could be severely toxic when being considered for suppression of environmental mutagens’ mutagenicity or genotoxicity. This suggests that gel extract of A. vera contains phytochemical(s) that can be useful in the development of anticancer drug.

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