Comments on Energy Return on Investment (EROI): Reconciling Boundary and Methodological Issues

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Devin Moeller ◽  
David Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Return On Investment ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Energy Return On Investment

scholarly journals Edible Energy Production and Energy Return on Investment—Long-Term Analysis of Global Changes

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1011
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Bajan ◽  
Joanna Łukasiewicz ◽  
Agnieszka Poczta-Wajda ◽  
Walenty Poczta
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Energy Return On Investment

The projected increase in the world’s population requires an increase in the production of edible energy that would meet the associated increased demand for food. However, food production is strongly dependent on the use of energy, mainly from fossil fuels, the extraction of which requires increasing input due to the depletion of the most easily accessible deposits. According to numerous estimations, the world’s energy production will be dependent on fossil fuels at least to 2050. Therefore, it is vital to increase the energy efficiency of production, including food production. One method to measure energy efficiency is the energy return on investment (EROI), which is the ratio of the amount of energy produced to the amount of energy consumed in the production process. The literature lacks comparable EROI calculations concerning global food production and the existing studies only include crop production. The aim of this study was to calculate the EROI of edible crop and animal production in the long term worldwide and to indicate the relationships resulting from its changes. The research takes into account edible crop and animal production in agriculture and the direct consumption of fossil fuels and electricity. The analysis showed that although the most underdeveloped regions have the highest EROI, the production of edible energy there is usually insufficient to meet the food needs of the population. On the other hand, the lowest EROI was observed in highly developed regions, where production ensures food self-sufficiency. However, the changes that have taken place in Europe since the 1990s indicate an opportunity to simultaneously reduce the direct use of energy in agriculture and increase the production of edible energy, thus improving the EROI.

scholarly journals Assessment of Indonesia’s Future Renewable energy Plan: A Meta-Analysis of Biofuel Energy Return on Investment (EROI)

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2803
Author(s):  
Wiraditma Prananta ◽  
Ida Kubiszewski
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Land Restoration ◽  
Energy Return On Investment ◽  
Land Preparation

In early 2020, Indonesia implemented the biodiesel 30 (B30) program as an initiative to reduce Indonesia’s dependency on fossil fuels and to protect Indonesia’s palm oil market. However, palm oil has received international criticism due to its association with harmful environmental externalities. This paper analysed whether an investment in palm oil-based biofuel (POBB) provides Indonesia with the ability to achieve its environmental and financial goals. In this research, we performed a meta-analysis on biofuel energy return on investment (EROI) by examining 44 biofuel projects using ten types of biofuel feedstocks from 13 countries between 1995 and 2016. Results showed an average EROI of 3.92 and 3.22 for POBB and other biomass-based biofuels (OBBB), respectively. This shows that if only energy inputs and outputs are considered, biofuels provide a positive energy return. However, biofuels, including those from palm oil, produce externalities especially during land preparation and land restoration. We also compared these EROI biofuel results with other renewable energy sources and further analysed the implications for renewable energies to meet society’s energy demands in the future. Results showed that biofuel gives the lowest EROI compared to other renewable energy sources. Its EROI of 3.92, while positive, has been categorised as “not feasible for development”. If Indonesia plans to continue with its biofuel program, some major improvements will be necessary.

Re-evaluation of energy return on investment (EROI) for China's natural gas imports using an integrative approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoyang Kong ◽  
Xi Lu ◽  
Xiucheng Dong ◽  
Qingzhe Jiang ◽  
Noah Elbot
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Energy Return On Investment

scholarly journals Analysis of the Energy Return on Investment (EROI) of the Huge Daqing Oil Field in China

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 2323-2338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Hu ◽  
Lianyong Feng ◽  
Charles C.S. Hall ◽  
Dong Tian
Keyword(s):  
Return On Investment ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Energy Return On Investment ◽  
Daqing Oil Field

Energy Return on Investment

2018 ◽  
pp. 387-404
Author(s):  
Charles A. S. Hall ◽  
Kent Klitgaard
Keyword(s):  
Return On Investment ◽  
Energy Return On Investment

scholarly journals Assessing the photovoltaic technology landscape: efficiency and energy return on investment (EROI)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Zhou ◽  
M. Carbajales-Dale
Keyword(s):  
Return On Investment ◽  
Energy Return On Investment ◽  
Photovoltaic Technology ◽  
Photovoltaic Technologies

This paper compared different photovoltaic technologies by using the method in the plot.

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