scholarly journals Workload-adaptive and task-specific support for cockpit crews: design and evaluation of an adaptive associate system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick Brand ◽  
Axel Schulte
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Crew Member ◽  
Task Sharing ◽  
Cognitive Agent ◽  
Helicopter Pilots ◽  
Specific Support ◽  
Future Task ◽  
And Task

AbstractThis article describes and validates a concept of a workload-adaptive and task-specific associate system for military helicopter crews. We introduce a cognitive agent that behaves like an additional, artificial crew member. It adapts the extent of support by identifying the current and future task situation and workload of the crew. By choosing different intervention strategies, the associate system dynamically changes the task sharing between the crew and automation. We implemented the associate system into a helicopter simulator. The system supports helicopter pilots during Manned-Unmanned Teaming missions, where the crew of a manned helicopter operates several unmanned aircraft from the cockpit. To evaluate the prototype, we conducted a pilot-in-the-loop campaign and analyzed situations where the association system prevents or corrects human error.

The effects of using a portable music player on simulated driving performance and task-sharing strategies

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristie L. Young ◽  
Eve Mitsopoulos-Rubens ◽  
Christina M. Rudin-Brown ◽  
Michael G. Lenné
Keyword(s):  
Driving Performance ◽  
Task Sharing ◽  
Simulated Driving ◽  
Music Player ◽  
And Task

scholarly journals Editorial. Task shifting and task sharing for neurosurgeons amidst the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faith C. Robertson ◽  
Laura Lippa ◽  
Marike L. D. Broekman
Keyword(s):  
Task Shifting ◽  
Task Sharing ◽  
And Task

scholarly journals Task-Shifting and Task-Sharing in Neurosurgery: An International Survey of Current Practices in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 100059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faith C. Robertson ◽  
Ignatius N. Esene ◽  
Angelos G. Kolias ◽  
Patrick Kamalo ◽  
Graham Fieggen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Task Shifting ◽  
International Survey ◽  
Task Sharing ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
And Task ◽  
Low And Middle Income ◽  
Current Practices

Software Interface Evaluation: Modeling of Human Error

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Wright ◽  
S. J. Packebush ◽  
D. A. Mitta
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
Interface Element ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Software Interface ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Cognitive Levels ◽  
Graphics Software ◽  
And Task

The purpose of this study was to use a human error model to evaluate a commercially available Macintosh-based graphics application based upon the frequencies and types of mistakes occurring during users' performance of designated tasks. The occurrence of high frequencies of knowledge-based and rule-based mistakes during the learning of an interface element would indicate that the element requires evaluation and possible redesign. This study involved five participants, all of whom were students at Texas A&M University. The participants were experienced Macintosh users with no experience using Macintosh graphics software. The graphics environment of interest was MacDraw II® 1.0 Version 2 (Schutten, Goldsmith, Kaptanoglu, and Spiegel, 1988). Ten drawings created with the program were used to examine participants' cognitive levels and types of errors made throughout the process of familiarizing themselves with this program. The first drawing was created to exemplify simple figures created with the graphics tools in the program to illustrate shading. The second through tenth drawings incorporated these figures in several arrangements. All drawings incorporated eight tools (or tasks), and each tool was used only once in each drawing. The results indicated significant differences in frequencies of error types, frequencies of errors between tasks and frequencies of errors between trials. There were also interactions between trial and error, and task and error.

Reflections on Human Error: Matters of Life and Death

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earl L. Wiener
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Intelligent Interfaces ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Strategic Intent ◽  
Human Functioning ◽  
Machine Systems ◽  
Alerting Systems

The last two decades have witnessed a rapid growth in the introduction of automatic devices into aircraft cockpits, and elsewhere in human-machine systems. This was motivated in part by the assumption that when human functioning is replaced by machine functioning, human error is eliminated. Experience to date shows that this is far from true, and that automation does not replace humans, but changes their role in the system, as well as the types and severity of the errors they make. This altered role may lead to fewer, but more critical errors. Intervention strategies to prevent these errors, or ameliorate their consequences include basic human factors engineering of the interface, enhanced warning and alerting systems, and more intelligent interfaces that understand the strategic intent of the crew and can detect and trap inconsistent or erroneous input before it affects the system.

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