scholarly journals Two-level game operational code: analysis of foreign and domestic policy preferences of national leaders

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Grunske ◽  
Michael P. Jasinski
Keyword(s):  
Policy Preferences ◽  
Domestic Policy ◽  
Code Analysis ◽  
Operational Code ◽  
National Leaders

Operational Code Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 300-338
Author(s):  
Seyed Hamidreza Serri
Keyword(s):  
Code Analysis ◽  
Operational Code

Culture and Foreign Policy Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Grove
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Foreign Policy Analysis ◽  
Post Cold War ◽  
Code Analysis ◽  
Operational Code ◽  
Systemic Constraints

There are several conceptions of culture which have become dominant in foreign policy analysis (FPA) in particular: culture as the organization of meaning, culture as value preferences, and culture as templates for human strategy. Prior to the 1990s, the Cold War constraints of bipolarity had left little room for idiosyncratic domestic-level variables such as culture to affect FP. However, once systemic constraints lessened and the decision making milieu became more ambiguous, scholars increasingly turned to questions about culture and identity. Using classic frameworks as a jumping off point, early work on national role conception and operational code analysis incorporated culture as a significant filter for decision making. Operational code analysis is another early approach that had elements of culture as part of the decision making context. In addition, there are a few works that investigate culture and FP with a different focus than FPA. But perhaps one of the most notable elements of FPA studies exploring culture is the idea that it need not be viewed as explaining whatever cannot be explained by anything else. Instead of merely an alternative theoretical explanation of state behavior, use of culture in the post-Cold War revival and today reflects an effort not so much to refute neorealism but to look at different questions.

scholarly journals The Operational Code Analysis of the Serbian Orthodox Church’s Official Political Discourse on Kosovo (2008-2019)

SEEU Review ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 250-270
Author(s):  
Srđan Mladenov Jovanović ◽  
Richard J. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Code Analysis ◽  
Operational Code ◽  
The Social ◽  
Scholarly Production

Abstract The Serbian Orthodox Church has been described in scholarship as having had a significant impact onto the social and political life of Serbia, especially since the wars of the nineties. With the coming of the age of the Internet and social science automation, however, more options have gradually become available to researchers in the recent years. For this reason, this article will tackle the official rhetoric of the Serbian Orthodox Church in relation to the sociopolitical with the assistance of social science automation. Forming an examination via the methodological lens of Operational Code Analysis, this article delves into the Church’s discourse on Kosovo, via heavy vetting of all official statements given on the website of the Serbian Orthodox Church. It also expands upon the initial methodology – Operational Code Analysis – to an analysis of an institution with a uniform discourse, which has so far not seen light in scholarly production.

Transcending rationalism and constructivism: Chinese leaders’ operational codes, socialization processes, and multilateralism after the Cold War

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai He ◽  
Huiyun Feng
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Chinese Foreign Policy ◽  
Code Analysis ◽  
Socialization Theory ◽  
Operational Code ◽  
Multilateral Institutions ◽  
Chinese Policy ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Constructivist Approaches

This paper challenges both rationalist and constructivist approaches in explaining China’s foreign policy behavior toward multilateral institutions after the Cold War. Borrowing insights from socialization theory and operational code analysis, this paper suggests a ‘superficial socialization’ argument to explain China’s pro-multilateralist diplomacy after the Cold War. Using operational code analysis to examine belief changes across three generations of Chinese leadership and on different occasions, we argue that China’s pro-multilateralist behavior is a product of ‘superficial socialization’, in which Chinese foreign policy elites change their beliefs about the outside world and regarding the future realization of their political goals in multilateral institutions. However, Chinese policy makers have not changed their instrumental beliefs regarding strategies even in multilateral institutions. China is indeed socialized through multilateral institutions, but its scope is still far from the ‘fundamental socialization’ stage when states’ interests, preferences, and even identities change.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document