Conditioned Inhibitor

2012 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Inhibitor

Inhibitory Conditioning Resulting from a Reduction in the Magnitude of Reinforcement

1982 ◽  
Vol 34 (3b) ◽  
pp. 163-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Cotton ◽  
Glyn Goodall ◽  
N. J. Mackintosh
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Control ◽  
Shock Intensity ◽  
Conditioned Suppression ◽  
Summation Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Conditioned Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibitory Conditioning ◽  
Experimental Subjects ◽  
The Difference

Five experiments, all employing conditioned suppression in rats, studied inhibitory conditioning to a stimulus signalling a reduction in shock intensity. Experimental subjects were conditioned to a tone signalling a 1·0 mA shock and to a tone-light compound signalling a 0·4 mA shock. On a summation test in which it alleviated the suppression maintained by a third stimulus also associated with the 1·0 mA shock, the light was established as a conditioned inhibitor. Retardation tests gave ambiguous results: the light was relatively slow to condition when paired, either alone or in conjunction with another stimulus, with the 0·4 mA shock, but the difference from a novel stimulus control group was not significant. Two final experiments found no evidence at all of inhibition on a summation test in which the light was presented in conjunction with a stimulus that had itself been associated with the 0·4 mA shock. The results of these experiments have implications for the question of what animals learn during the course of inhibitory conditioning.

scholarly journals Brief, But Not Prolonged, Pauses in the Firing of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons Are Sufficient to Produce a Conditioned Inhibitor

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (41) ◽  
pp. 8822-8830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Yun Chang ◽  
Matthew P.H. Gardner ◽  
Jessica C. Conroy ◽  
Leslie R. Whitaker ◽  
Geoffrey Schoenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine Neurons ◽  
Conditioned Inhibitor ◽  
Midbrain Dopamine ◽  
Midbrain Dopamine Neurons

scholarly journals Assessing the inhibitory properties of a latent inhibitor in flavor-aversion learning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Unai Liberal ◽  
Gabriel Rodríguez ◽  
Geoffrey Hall
Keyword(s):  
Latent Inhibition ◽  
Target Stimulus ◽  
Aversion Learning ◽  
Latent Inhibition Effect ◽  
Conditioned Inhibitor ◽  
Flavor Aversion ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Initial Expectation ◽  
Aversion Conditioning ◽  
Conditioned Flavor

AbstractIn Experiment 1, rats received 16 nonreinforced trials of exposure to a flavor (A) that was subsequently used as the conditioned stimulus in flavor-aversion conditioning. In the critical condition, Flavor A was presented in compound with a different novel flavor on each of the eight daily trials. This treatment produced latent inhibition, in that this preexposure retarded conditioning just as did 16 trials with A alone. Rats in the control conditions, given no preexposure or exposure just to the sequence of novel flavors, learned readily. Experiment 2 examined the effects of these forms of preexposure on performance on a summation test, in which Flavor A was presented in compound with a separately conditioned flavor (X). The preexposure procedure in which A was presented along with novel flavors rendered A effective in inhibiting the response conditioned to X on that test. The conclusion, that this form of training can establish the target stimulus as a conditioned inhibitor, is predicted by the account of latent inhibition put forward by Hall and Rodríguez (2010) which proposes that the latent inhibition effect is a consequence both of a reduction in the associability of the stimulus and of a process of inhibitory associative learning that opposes the initial expectation that a novel event will be followed by some consequence.

The Word as Conditioned Inhibitor in Infants During the First Three Years of Life

1963 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
E. N. Degtiar'
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Inhibitor

Failure of excitatory conditioning to extinguish the influence of a conditioned inhibitor.

1991 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Pearce ◽  
Paul N. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Excitatory Conditioning ◽  
Conditioned Inhibitor

Second-order excitation mediated by a backward conditioned inhibitor.

1996 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Barnet ◽  
Ralph R. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Second Order ◽  
Conditioned Inhibitor

scholarly journals Posttraining flavor exposure in hungry rats after simultaneous conditioning with a nutrient converts the CS into a conditioned inhibitor

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Garcia-Burgos ◽  
Felisa González
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Inhibitor ◽  
Simultaneous Conditioning

Contralateral transfer of inhibitory and excitatory eyelid conditioning in the rabbit

1981 ◽  
Vol 33 (1b) ◽  
pp. 45-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Pearce ◽  
Anthony Montgomery ◽  
Anthony Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
Eyelid Conditioning ◽  
Test Phase ◽  
Excitatory Conditioning ◽  
Initial Training ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Conditioned Inhibitor ◽  
Subsequent Test ◽  
Response Systems ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Inhibition Experiment

In Experiment I, rabbits received training to establish a clicker as a conditioned inhibitor. In a subsequent test phase this stimulus was used as a signal for shock either to the eye reinforced during initial training or to the opposite eye. Learning to the clicker was slower in both conditions than in the appropriate control groups. The second experiment replicated the results of those subjects trained and tested with opposite eyes and ruled out the possibility that the slower learning was due to the effects of latent inhibition. Experiment III demonstrated that excitatory conditioning to a clicker to one eye facilitated future excitatory conditioning to that stimulus to the opposite eye. These results are consistent with the view that inhibitory and excitatory conditioning both involve the acquisition of a general, motivational conditioned response which is capable of mediating the transfer of conditioning across different response systems.

scholarly journals Protection from extinction provided by a conditioned inhibitor

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. McConnell ◽  
R. R. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Inhibitor

Conditioned Inhibitor

2010 ◽  
pp. 331-332
Author(s):  
Daniel Hoyer ◽  
Eric P Zorrilla ◽  
Pietro Cottone ◽  
Sarah Parylak ◽  
Micaela Morelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Inhibitor
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