Body temperature, pituitary-thyroid axis, and the antidepressant response to sleep deprivation in major depression

Amidated peptides are critically involved in many physiological functions. Genetic deletion of peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM), the only enzyme that can synthesize these peptides, is embryonically lethal. The goal of the present study was the identification of physiological functions impaired by haploinsufficiency of PAM. Regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and body temperature, functions requiring contributions from multiple amidated peptides, were selected for evaluation. Based on serum T4 and pituitary TSH-β mRNA levels, mice heterozygous for PAM (PAM+/−) were euthyroid at baseline. Feedback within the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis was impaired in PAM+/− mice made hypothyroid using a low iodine/propylthiouracil diet. Despite their normal endocrine response to cold, PAM+/− mice were unable to maintain body temperature as well as wild-type littermates when kept in a 4 C environment. When provided with additional dietary copper, PAM+/− mice maintained body temperature as well as wild-type mice. Pharmacological activation of vasoconstriction or shivering also allowed PAM+/− mice to maintain body temperature. Cold-induced vasoconstriction was deficient in PAM+/− mice. This deficit was eliminated in PAM+/− mice receiving a diet with supplemental copper. These results suggest that dietary deficiency of copper, coupled with genetic deficits in PAM, could result in physiological deficits in humans.

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Nocturnal TSH and prolactin secretion during sleep deprivation and prediction of antidepressant response in patients with major depression

Biological Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/0006-3223(88)90137-0 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 631-641 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

Siegfried Kasper ◽

David A. Sack ◽

Thomas A. Wehr ◽

Hermes Kick ◽

Gabriele Voll ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depression ◽

Sleep Deprivation ◽

Prolactin Secretion ◽

Antidepressant Response

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Childhood sexual abuse and hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis in postpartum major depression

Journal of Affective Disorders ◽

10.1016/j.jad.2009.07.021 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 122 (1-2) ◽

pp. 159-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Anna Plaza ◽

Lluïsa Garcia-Esteve ◽

Carlos Ascaso ◽

Purificación Navarro ◽

Estel Gelabert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sexual Abuse ◽

Major Depression ◽

Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽

Pituitary Thyroid Axis ◽

Thyroid Axis

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1596 – Chronobiological thyroid axis activity could predict antidepressant response in major depression

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(13)76594-5 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

F. Duval ◽

M.-C. Mokrani ◽

F. Gonzalez Lopera ◽

C. Alexa ◽

H. Rabia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depression ◽

Antidepressant Response ◽

Thyroid Axis

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Mechanism of the alcohol cyclic pattern: role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.2000.279.1.g118 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 279 (1) ◽

pp. G118-G125 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

J. Li ◽

V. Nguyen ◽

B. A. French ◽

A. F. Parlow ◽

G. L. Su ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Temperature ◽

Consumption Rate ◽

Whole Body ◽

Fixed Rate ◽

Cyclic Pattern ◽

Pituitary Thyroid Axis ◽

Thyroid Axis ◽

Constant Dose ◽

Ethanol Elimination

The cause of the cycle of urinary alcohol levels (UALs) in rats fed ethanol continually at a fixed rate is unknown. Rats were fed ethanol intragastrically at a constant dose for 2 mo, and daily body temperatures and UALs were recorded. Body temperature cycled inversely to UAL, suggesting that the rate of metabolism could be mechanistically involved in the rate of ethanol elimination during the cycle. To document this, whole body O2 consumption rate was monitored daily during the cycle. The rate of O2 consumption correlated positively with the change in body temperature and negatively with the change in UAL. Since the metabolic rate responds to changes in body temperature, thyroid hormone levels were measured during the UAL cycle. T4levels correlated positively with the O2 consumption rate and negatively with the UALs. In a second experiment using propylthiouracil treatment, UALs did not cycle and a fall in body temperature failed to stimulate an increase in the rate of ethanol elimination. Consequently, rats died of overdose. Likewise, in a third experiment using rats with severed pituitary stalks, UALs failed to cycle and rats died of overdose. From these observations it was concluded that the UAL cycle depends on an intact hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis response to the ethanol-induced drop in body temperature by increasing the rate of ethanol elimination.

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