Differences between 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine and 5-fluorouridine in their cytotoxic effect on growth of murine lymphoma L5178Y cells in in vivo and in vitro systems

Neurodevelopment is uniquely sensitive to toxic insults and there are concerns that environmental chemicals are contributing to widespread subclinical developmental neurotoxicity (DNT). Increased DNT evaluation is needed due to the lack of such information for most chemicals in common use, but in vivo studies recommended in regulatory guidelines are not practical for the large-scale screening of potential DNT chemicals. It is widely acknowledged that developmental neurotoxicity is a consequence of disruptions to basic processes in neurodevelopment and that testing strategies using human cell-based in vitro systems that mimic these processes could aid in prioritizing chemicals with DNT potential. Myelination is a fundamental process in neurodevelopment that should be included in a DNT testing strategy, but there are very few in vitro models of myelination. Thus, there is a need to establish an in vitro myelination assay for DNT. Here, we summarize the routes of myelin toxicity and the known models to study this particular endpoint.

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Protein-templated gold nanoclusters as specific bio-imaging probes for the detection of Hg(ii) ions in in vivo and in vitro systems: discriminating between MDA-MB-231 and MCF10A cells

The Analyst ◽

10.1039/d0an02108c ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Subhajit Chakraborty ◽

Atanu Nandy ◽

Subhadip Ghosh ◽

Nirmal Kumar Das ◽

Sameena Parveen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Human Serum Albumin ◽

Gold Nanoclusters ◽

Selective Detection ◽

Imaging Probes ◽

Bio Imaging ◽

In Vitro Systems ◽

Mcf10a Cells

Sub-nanomolar selective detection of Hg(ii) ions by protein (Human Serum Albumin, HSA) templated gold nanoclusters (AuNCs), both in in vitro as well as in vivo environments and specific endocytose behaviour towards breast cancer (BC) cell lines.

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Effects of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans on phagocytic response of Eisenia andrei coelomocytes

Journal of Xenobiotics ◽

10.4081/xeno.2011.e6 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 6 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hayet Belmeskine ◽

Pauline Brousseau ◽

Sami Haddad ◽

Louise Vandelac ◽

Michel Fournier

Keyword(s):

Flow Cytometry ◽

Phagocytic Activity ◽

Cytotoxic Effect ◽

Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans ◽

Eisenia Andrei ◽

Phagocytic Capacity ◽

Excessive Secretion ◽

Phagocytic Response

The immunotoxicological effects of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs) mixtures on Eisenia andrei earthworms have never been studied. In this work we investigated these effects both for in vitro and in vivo exposure, using the viability and the phagocytic activity of coelomocytes as immunological biomarkers and the flow cytometry was used for analysis. The in vitro exposure revealed a cytotoxic effect of PCDD/Fs mixture (C2) containing 50¥10-3 ng/mL of 2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD and an induction of the phagocytic capacity at the mixture (C1) containing 25¥10-3 ng/mL of 2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD. In the in vivo filter paper exposure, the immunocompetence of earthworms was assessed after 3 h-exposure to mixtures of PCDD/Fs at the levels of C1, C2, C3 and C4 containing about; 0.05, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.83 ng of 2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD/cm², respectively. Morphological observations showed an excessive secretion of mucus and body surface lesions in worms exposed to higher concentrations (C3 and C4), which revealed that these organisms were affected by PCDD/Fs either through skin and/or by feeding. The levels of the extruded cell yield decreased significantly at all the concentrations tested. However, the cell viability was shown to be unaffected by PCDD/Fs concentrations. It was also shown, that exposure to the highest PCDD/Fs concentrations; C2, C3 and C4 inhibited both phagocytic activity and efficiency.

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Identification of Metabolites of the Acaricide, Tebufenpyrad, Formed in in vivo and in vitro Systems of Rats

Journal of Pesticide Science ◽

10.1584/jpestics.19.3_169 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 169-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kunihiko OGAWA ◽

Yoshio IHASHI

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Systems

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In Vitro Systems as Simulations of In Vivo Conditions: The Study of Cognition and Synaptic Plasticity in Neurotoxicologya

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06874.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 919 (1) ◽

pp. 119-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

M. E. GILBERT

Keyword(s):

Synaptic Plasticity ◽

In Vitro Systems

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In vivo and in vitro properties of malignant variants of RAW117 metastatic murine lymphoma/lymphosarcoma

Clinical & Experimental Metastasis ◽

10.1007/bf00121493 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 135-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Christopher L. Reading ◽

Paul M. kraemer ◽

Karen M. Miner ◽

Garth L. Nicolson

Keyword(s):

Murine Lymphoma

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The Role of Microbiology in Models of Dental Caries: Reaction Paper

Advances in Dental Research ◽

10.1177/08959374950090031001 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 255-269 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

G.H. Bowden

Keyword(s):

Process Selection ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Test Models ◽

Plaque Development ◽

In Vitro Systems ◽

Selection Of

Models of the caries process have made significant contributions toward defining the roles of bacteria in caries. Microbiologists use a variety of in vitro systems to model aspects of the caries process. Also, in situ models in humans provide information on the microbiology of caries in vivo. These models do not involve the entire process leading to natural caries; consequently, the results from such studies are used to deduce the roles of bacteria in natural caries. Therefore, they can be described as Inferential Caries Models. In contrast, animal models and some clinical trials in humans involve natural caries and can be described as Complete Caries Models. Furthermore, these models are used in two distinct ways. They can be used as Exploratory Models to explore different aspects of the caries process, or as Test Models to determine the effects of anticaries agents. This dichotomy in approach to the use of caries models results in modification of the models to suit a particular role. For example, if we consider Exploratory Models, the in situ appliance in humans is superior to others for analyzing the microbiology of plaque development and demineralization in vivo. The chemostat and biofilm models are excellent for exploring factors influencing bacterial interactions. Both models can also be used as Test Models. The in situ model has been used to test the effects of fluoride on the microflora and demineralization, while the chemostat and biofilm models allow for the testing of antibacterial agents. Each model has its advantages and disadvantages and role in analysis of the caries process. Selection of the model depends on the scientific question posed and the limitations imposed by the conditions available for the study.

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