scholarly journals Relations between post-mortem alterations and glycolytic metabolism in the brain

1961 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard L. Friede ◽  
Wiecher H. van Houten
Keyword(s):  
Post Mortem ◽  
Glycolytic Metabolism ◽  
The Brain

Vorläufige Ergebnisse von 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT-Untersuchungen bei endogenen Psychosen

1989 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 88-91
Author(s):  
J. Schröder ◽  
H. Henningsen ◽  
H. Sauer ◽  
P. Georgi ◽  
K.-R. Wilhelm
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Hmpao Spect ◽  
Endogenous Psychoses ◽  
The Brain ◽  
99Mtc Hmpao

18 psychopharmacologically treated patients (7 schizophrenics, 5 schizoaffectives, 6 depressives) were studied using 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT of the brain. The regional cerebral blood flow was measured in three transversal sections (infra-/supraventricular, ventricular) within 6 regions of interest (ROI) respectively (one frontal, one parietal and one occipital in each hemisphere). Corresponding ROIs of the same section in each hemisphere were compared. In the schizophrenics there was a significantly reduced perfusion in the left frontal region of the infraventricular and ventricular section (p < 0.02) compared with the data of the depressives. The schizoaffectives took an intermediate place. Since the patients were treated with psychopharmaca, the result must be interpreted cautiously. However, our findings seem to be in accordance with post-mortem-, CT- and PET-studies presented in the literature. Our results suggest that 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT may be helpful in finding cerebral abnormalities in endogenous psychoses.

Spinal cord grey matter lesions in multiple sclerosis detected by post-mortem high field MR imaging

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
CP Gilmore ◽  
JJG Geurts ◽  
N Evangelou ◽  
JCJ Bot ◽  
RA van Schijndel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
High Field ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Proton Density ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
The Brain

Background Post-mortem studies demonstrate extensive grey matter demyelination in MS, both in the brain and in the spinal cord. However the clinical significance of these plaques is unclear, largely because they are grossly underestimated by MR imaging at conventional field strengths. Indeed post-mortem MR studies suggest the great majority of lesions in the cerebral cortex go undetected, even when performed at high field. Similar studies have not been performed using post-mortem spinal cord material. Aim To assess the sensitivity of high field post-mortem MRI for detecting grey matter lesions in the spinal cord in MS. Methods Autopsy material was obtained from 11 MS cases and 2 controls. Proton Density-weighted images of this formalin-fixed material were acquired at 4.7Tesla before the tissue was sectioned and stained for Myelin Basic Protein. Both the tissue sections and the MR images were scored for grey matter and white matter plaques, with the readers of the MR images being blinded to the histopathology results. Results Our results indicate that post-mortem imaging at 4.7Tesla is highly sensitive for cord lesions, detecting 87% of white matter lesions and 73% of grey matter lesions. The MR changes were highly specific for demyelination, with all lesions scored on MRI corresponding to areas of demyelination. Conclusion Our work suggests that spinal cord grey matter lesions may be detected on MRI more readily than GM lesions in the brain, making the cord a promising site to study the functional consequences of grey matter demyelination in MS.

Lantern Demonstration of Gross Lesions of the Cerebrum

1901 ◽  
Vol 47 (199) ◽  
pp. 729-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Shaw Bolton
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Dura Mater ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Pyramidal Layer ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Morbid Conditions

This demonstration was a further report on the subject laid before the Association at the meeting at Claybury in February last, viz., the morbid changes occurring in the brain and other intra-cranial contents in amentia and dementia. In a paper read before the Royal Society in the spring of 1900, and subsequently published in the Philosophical Transactions, it was stated, as the result of a systematic micrometric examination of the visuo-sensory (primary visual) and visuo-psychic (lower associational) regions of the cerebral cortex, that the depth of the pyramidal layer of nerve-cells varies with the amentia or dementia existing in the patient. At the meeting of the Association referred to it was further shown, from an analysis, clinical and pathological, of 121 cases of insanity which appeared consecutively in the post-mortem room at Claybury, that the morbid conditions inside the skull-cap in insanity, viz., abnormalities in the dura mater, the pia arachnoid, the ependyma and intra-cranial fluid, etc., are the accompaniments of and vary in degree with dementia alone, and are independent of the duration of the mental disease. Since that date the pre-frontal (higher associational) region has been systematically examined in nineteen cases, viz., normal persons and normal aments (infants), and cases of amentia, of chronic and recurrent insanity without appreciable dementia, and of dementia, and the results obtained form the subject of the present demonstration. A paper on the whole subject will shortly be published in the Archives of the Claybury Laboratory.

POST-MORTEM APPEARANCES OF THE BRAIN OF INFLUENZA PATIENTS.

The Lancet ◽  
1892 ◽  
Vol 139 (3577) ◽  
pp. 664-665
Author(s):  
J ALTHAUS
Keyword(s):  
Post Mortem ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals New Proteins Found Interacting with Brain Metallothionein-3 Are Linked to Secretion

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issam El Ghazi ◽  
Bruce L. Martin ◽  
Ian M. Armitage
Keyword(s):  
Immunoaffinity Chromatography ◽  
Glycolytic Metabolism ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Aldolase C ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Protein Partners ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Partner Proteins

Metallothionein 3 (MT-3), also known as growth inhibitory factor (GIF), exhibits a neuroinhibitory activity. Our lab and others have previously shown that this biological activity involves interacting protein partners in the brain. However, nothing specific is yet known about which of these interactions is responsible for the GIF activity. In this paper, we are reporting upon new proteins found interacting with MT-3 as determined through immunoaffinity chromatography and mass spectrometry. These new partner proteins—Exo84p, 14-3-3 Zeta,αandβEnolase, Aldolase C, Malate dehydrogenase, ATP synthase, and Pyruvate kinase—along with those previously identified have now been classified into three functional groups: transport and signaling, chaperoning and scaffolding, and glycolytic metabolism. When viewed together, these interactions support a proposed model for the regulation of the GIF activity of MT-3.

A craniopharyngioma in a seven-year-old dog

1991 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. Eckersley ◽  
Judith K. Geel ◽  
N. P.J. Kriek
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Sinus Bradycardia ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Axial Tomography ◽  
History Of ◽  
Computerised Axial Tomography ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Tomography Scan ◽  
Space Occupying Lesion

A seven-year-old male Border Collie was presented with a history of lethargy, episodic circling, incoordination and polydypsia. Physical examination revealed depression, obesity and bradycardia. A neurological examination indicated the possible presence of a space-occupying lesion in the brain. Results of the clinical investigation revealed hyposthenuria, sinus bradycardia and increased concentration of protein in the cerebrospinal fluid. A computerised axial tomography scan revealed a mass in the region of the hypophysis. The dog was euthanased and a post mortem examination confirmed the presence of a craniopharyngioma.

Two Cases of Psychoses following Influenza, with Autopsies [Due casi di psicosi consecutiva ad influenza, con autopsia]. (Riv. di Pat. Nerv. e Ment., March, 1900.) Camia, M

1901 ◽  
Vol 47 (198) ◽  
pp. 592-593
Author(s):  
J. R. Gilmour
Keyword(s):  
Pyramidal Cells ◽  
Fatty Degeneration ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Inflammatory Condition ◽  
Small Patch ◽  
Rapid Pulse ◽  
Mental Symptoms ◽  
Slight Rise ◽  
The Brain

The two cases are very similar. The first, a woman æt. 21, was admitted to the asylum on February 4th. A few days previously she had an attack of influenza, and during convalescence showed mental symptoms—wandering, buying useless articles, religious delusions. The chief symptoms on admission were sleeplessness, sitiophobia, motor agitation, incoherence, involuntary loss of fæces and urine, and destructiveness. She was oblivious to her surroundings. The temperature was slightly increased, pulse 120 per minute, and collapse and death occurred on February 12th. The second case, that of a woman æt. 47, had influenza on January 28th, with pulmonary symptoms. During convalescence she developed delusions that she was lost, became very excited, and entered asylum on February 8th. Her symptoms were very marked—loss of sleep, agitation, incoherence, then slight rise of temperature and rapid pulse; developed broncho-pneumonia, and died on February 13th. At the post-mortem there was found in both cases fatty degeneration of the liver and kidneys, and marked hyperæmia of the brain and meninges. In the second case there was a small patch of broncho-pneumonia. In neither case was there any trace of exudation or softening, or any inflammatory condition in the brain. Microscopically the pyramidal cells in both cases showed marked loss of the chromatic substance, which was disintegrated and diffused throughout the cells. The cells were affected very unequally, some being fairly normal. The vessels in the cortex were gorged with blood.

Post-Mortem Diagnosis of Hypoxia by Means of Brain Lactic Acid Concentration

1958 ◽  
Vol 192 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald D. Van Fossan ◽  
Robert T. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Deficiency ◽  
Postmortem Brain ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Lactic Acid Concentration ◽  
Altitude Exposure ◽  
Post Mortem Brain ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
The Brain

Simulated altitude exposure elevates the postmortem brain lactic acid concentration up to 98 mg/100 gm above controls depending on species used, duration, and intensity of exposure. The sharp difference in post-mortem brain lactic acid concentration between altitude exposed animals and controls remains demonstrable for the longest postmortem intervals studied (20 hr. in the dog, 30 hr. in the rabbit, and 6 hr. in the rat). Upon recovery from altitude exposure the brain lactic acid and/or precursors return toward pre-exposure levels in accordance with first order reaction kinetics during the first few minutes. The velocity constant is .32 and the half-life is 2.2 minutes. Elevated post-mortem brain lactic acid concentration is a constant finding in animals which were hypoxic at the time of death and appears to be a suitable criterion for establishing ante-mortem altitude exposure or other physiologically similar oxygen deficiency situations.

scholarly journals Abnormalities of the Circle of Willis in Criminals, in relation with Alterations in the Brain and Heart [Anomalie delpoligono arterioso del Willis nei delinquenti in rapporto con alterazioni del cervello e del cuore]. (Arch, di Psychiat., vol. xxii, fasc. 1, 1902.) Parnisetti

1902 ◽  
Vol 48 (202) ◽  
pp. 585-586
Author(s):  
W. C. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Circle Of Willis ◽  
Vascular Anomalies ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Brain Substance ◽  
Heart Lesions ◽  
The Brain

In a series of eighty-seven post-mortem examinations of criminals, the author found that the circle of Willis presented abnormalities of origin, development, or direction in 65.5 per cent. of the cases, the majority (32.18 per cent.) occurring on the left side. In 73.56 per cent. of the cases the weight of the brain was below the average, and the inferiority of weight coincided in 51.72 per cent. of the subjects with the existence of such vascular anomalies. Morbid changes in the vessels, membranes, and brain-substance were unusually abundant The weight of the heart was below the average in 75.86 per cent. of the criminals examined, and in 49.42 per cent. this condition was associated with abnormalities of the circle of Willis. Among the cases with these latter abnormalities heart lesions were particularly frequent.

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