Schistosoma mansoni: Direct method for simultaneous recording of electrical and motor activity

Aims: Treatment against schistosomiasis relies on praziquantel. Its treatment failure and the possible development of resistant schistosomes strains have been reported in the literature. Clerodendrum umbellatum leaves are used in Africa for the treatment of intestinal helminthiasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of C. umbellatum leaves aqueous extract and derived fractions on Schistosoma mansoni adult worms. Methodology: Five male and five female Schistosoma mansoni adult worms were incubated in each well for 48 h in a GMEM culture medium with C. umbellatum aqueous extract (125 to 4000 µg/mL) or its n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions or the aqueous residue (62.5 to 2000 µg/mL). The main parameters assessed were the worm’s mortality and the reduction of motor activity. Phytochemical screening of all our tested substances was also performed. The cytotoxicity assay using mouse melanoma liver cells line was performed on the aqueous extract and on the most active fraction. Results: Our study shown that C. umbellatum leaves aqueous extract and its derived fractions promoted worm mortality. The aqueous extract disclosed a LC50 of 805.21 µg/mL while the LC50 of the methanol fraction was 343.10 µg/mL. With this lowest LC50, the methanol fraction from C. umbellatum aqueous extract was therefore the most active. Moreover, it showed low level of toxicity on hepatocytes. Incubation of worms with C. umbellatum aqueous extract and fractions also resulted in a significant reduction of the motor activity of survival worms with a 39.54 to 100% reduction after 48h. The phytochemical screening of C. umbellatum aqueous extract and fractions revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and terpenoids. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the in vitro activity of C. umbellatum aqueous extract and derived fractions on S. mansoni adult worms and could then justify its empirical use to combat schistosomiasis.

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Simultaneous recording of pseudoaffective reflexes and motor activity in the jejunum of the anesthetized rat

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(08)83569-x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A717

Author(s):

Attila Timar-Peregrin ◽

Kimitsuka Kumano ◽

Zeinab Khalil ◽

Gareth J. Sanger ◽

SmithKline Beecham ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Motor Activity ◽

Simultaneous Recording

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In vitro schistosomicidal effects of aqueous and dichloromethane fractions from leaves and stems of Piper species and the isolation of an active amide from P. amalago L. (Piperaceae)

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x13000205 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 88 (3) ◽

pp. 321-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

V.S. Carrara ◽

S.C.H. Vieira ◽

R.G. de Paula ◽

V. Rodrigues ◽

L.G. Magalhães ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Motor Activity ◽

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Chromatographic Fractionation ◽

Potential Sources

AbstractDichloromethane and aqueous fractions from leaves and stems of Piper arboreum Aubl., P. aduncum L., P. amalago L., P. crassinervium H.B. & K., P. diospyrifolium Kunth, P. hispidum Sw. and P. xylosteoides (Kunth) Steud. were tested against adult worms of Schistosoma mansoni. The in vitro activity was evaluated in terms of mortality, number of separated worms and number of worms with reduced motor activity. Most dichloromethane fractions from all Piper species showed moderate schistosomicidal activity, but aqueous fractions were not active. The dichloromethane fraction of P. amalago leaves (at 100 μg/ml) showed the highest activity, resulting in worm mortality, the separation of worm pairs and reduced motor activity. Chromatographic fractionation of the dichloromethane fraction of P. amalago leaves led to the isolation of its major compound, which was also tested against adults of S. mansoni. The isolated piperamide N-[7-(3′,4′-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2(Z),4(Z)-heptadienoyl] pyrrolidine, at 100 μm, resulted in the mortality of all adult worms after 24 h of incubation. The findings suggest that species of Piper are potential sources of schistosomicidal compounds.

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A 100-year perspective on gastrointestinal motility

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.1998.274.3.g447 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 274 (3) ◽

pp. G447-G453 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

J. H. Szurszewski

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Motor Activity ◽

Gastrointestinal Motility ◽

Liver Physiology ◽

Electrical And Motor Activity

This contribution to the centennial commemorative issue of the American Journal of Physiology: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology identifies some of the important studies of spontaneous electrical and motor activity in the gastrointestinal tract published in the Journal between 1898 and 1996. Emphasis is given to the contributions made by Walter B. Cannon, Walter C. Alvarez, Emil Bozler, C. Ladd Prosser, and James Christensen.

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Antischistosomal Activity of Oxindolimine-Metal Complexes

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.01371-15 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 59 (10) ◽

pp. 6648-6652 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Josué de Moraes ◽

Bruno S. Dario ◽

Ricardo A. A. Couto ◽

Pedro L. S. Pinto ◽

Ana M. da Costa Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Motor Activity ◽

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Metal Complexes ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Zinc Complex ◽

Content Type ◽

Vanadyl Complexes ◽

Copper And Zinc ◽

Antischistosomal Activity

ABSTRACTIn recent years, a class of oxindole-copper and -zinc complex derivatives have been reported as compounds with efficient proapoptotic activity toward different tumor cells (e.g., neuroblastomas, melanomas, monocytes). Here we assessed the efficacy of synthesized oxindole-copper(II), -zinc(II), and -vanadyl (VO2+) complexes against adultSchistosoma mansoniworms. The copper(II) complexes (50% inhibitory concentrations of 30 to 45 μM) demonstrated greater antischistosomal properties than the analogous zinc and vanadyl complexes regarding lethality, reduction of motor activity, and oviposition.

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Effect of quinidine on electrical and motor activity of canine small bowel.

Gut ◽

10.1136/gut.7.5.562 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 562-565 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J M Garrett ◽

J F Schlegel ◽

C F Code

Keyword(s):

Small Bowel ◽

Motor Activity ◽

Electrical And Motor Activity

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