A 100-year perspective on gastrointestinal motility

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (3) ◽  
pp. G447-G453 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Szurszewski
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Gastrointestinal Motility ◽  
Liver Physiology ◽  
Electrical And Motor Activity

This contribution to the centennial commemorative issue of the American Journal of Physiology: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology identifies some of the important studies of spontaneous electrical and motor activity in the gastrointestinal tract published in the Journal between 1898 and 1996. Emphasis is given to the contributions made by Walter B. Cannon, Walter C. Alvarez, Emil Bozler, C. Ladd Prosser, and James Christensen.

scholarly journals Involvement of gut microbiota in the association between gastrointestinal motility and 5-HT expression/M2 macrophage abundance in the gastrointestinal tract

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 3482-3488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mo Yang ◽  
Hirokazu Fukui ◽  
Hirotsugu Eda ◽  
Yoshitaka Kitayama ◽  
Ken Hara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gastrointestinal Motility ◽  
M2 Macrophage

Novel telemetric system for extraluminal measurement of gastrointestinal motility

1976 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. L. Shearin ◽  
C. J. Pfeiffer ◽  
S. Kilam
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Gastrointestinal Motility ◽  
Motility Pattern ◽  
Intravenous Injections ◽  
In Vivo Measurement ◽  
Meat Meal ◽  
Telemetric System ◽  
Small Intestinal

A frequency-modulated, telemetric system with a transducer sensitive to variation in distance between two points was developed and used to measure in vivo small intestinal motor function in unanesthetized dogs. The construction of the system and one application of it to the study of gastrointestinal motility is described. Data were recorded after fasting, 1 h after feeding a standardized meat meal, and after intravenous injections of pentagastrin. A significant increase in motility was seen after pentagastrin injections and feeding as compared to the motility pattern seen in a fasting animal, and the telemetric system was proven adequate for in vivo measurement of motility of the gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals The effects of pectin and wheat bran on the distribution of a meal in the gastrointestinal tract of the rat

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Brown ◽  
A. Greenburgh ◽  
J. Tomlin
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gastrointestinal Motility ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Insoluble Fibre ◽  
Bean Meal

The effects of wheat bran and pectin on the gastrointestinal distribution of a radiolabelled, homogenized baked-bean meal were investigated in the rat. These fibres were chosen because of their very different physical characteristics; wheat bran is a coarse, particulate, mainly insoluble fibre whilst pectin is a soluble viscous polysaccharide. Sixty male rats were administered orally with control or test meals and five from each group were killed after 50, 100, 200 and 300 min. The gut was removed and the distribution of the meal established scintigraphically. Addition of the fibres altered the distribution of the meal with faster accumulation at the distal and caecal areas. Wheat bran delayed gastric emptying whilst pectin promoted gastric emptying and had a pronounced effect on increasing the distal accumulation of the meal. These alterations in the distribution of a homogenized baked bean meal show that dietary fibres with different physical characteristics may alter gastrointestinal motility in different ways and these differences may have implications for meal absorption and clinical treatments of gastrointestinal disorders.

Rhythmic oscillating complexes in gastrointestinal tract of chickens: a role for motilin

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (4) ◽  
pp. G916-G922 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rodriguez-Sinovas ◽  
M. Jimenez ◽  
P. De Clercq ◽  
T. L. Peeters ◽  
P. Vergara
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Motility ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Motor Pattern ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Motility Pattern ◽  
Plasma Motilin ◽  
Dose Dependent

Rhythmic oscillating complex (ROC) is a highly organized gastrointestinal motility pattern recently described in fasted avian species. ROCs show several high-speed aborad-propagated contractions that progressively change into others of orad direction. In addition, chickens show migrating motor complexes (MMC) in both fed and fasting states. Recently, motilin was isolated and characterized from chicken small intestine. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to learn whether chicken motilin might be involved in either ROC or MMC induction. Electromyographic recordings were obtained from different areas of the gastrointestinal tract of chickens while motilin was infused. The response to chicken motilin was dose dependent in both fed and fasted animals; a bolus of 4 x 10(-11) mol/kg (n = 5) did not modify the intestinal motor pattern, whereas 4 x 10(-10) and 4 x 10(-9) mol/kg (n = 5 each) induced a complete ROC pattern of 5.2 +/- 0.6 and 10.8 +/- 0.9 min, respectively. ROCs induced by chicken motilin presented exactly the same pattern as that described during a spontaneous ROC. Furthermore, motilin concentration in plasma, measured by radioimmunoassay, increased during a spontaneous ROC. This study suggests that chicken motilin triggers an ROC in chickens. The fact that plasma motilin levels increased during spontaneous ROC strongly suggests that motilin is involved in the induction of the ROC pattern. Motilin seems to play a different role in avian and mammalian species, because a phase III of the MMC was never induced by motilin infusion.

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