The early development of hybrids between brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) and Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus)

A parasite survey of 1146 brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) was conducted between January 1981 and December 1982 in the Tabusintac River, New Brunswick, Canada. A total of 36 parasite species were recovered, of which 18 (one Myxosporea, two Monogenea, three Digenea, three Cestoidea, five Nematoda, one Acanthocephala, one Hirudinoidea, one Crustacea, and a Dermocystidium sp.) were freshwater and 18 (two Monogenea, seven Digenea, two Cestoidea, two Nematoda, two Acanthocephala, and three Crustacea) were marine. Anadronomous charr were differentiated from nonanadromous charr in fresh water by the presence of marine parasites. Charr in the estuary and lagoon were all considered to be anadromous; however, first-time anadromous charr or smolts were differentiated by the absence of marine parasites and infection with freshwater parasites only. New host records include Lecithaster gibbosus, Zoogonus lasius, Podocotyle angulata, Cryptocotyle lingua (metacercariae), Stephanostomum tenue (metacercariae, adults), Eubothrium crassum, Tetraphyllidea gen. sp. (plerocercoids), Eustrongylides sp. (larvae), Hysterothylacium aduncum (larvae, adults), Corynosoma magdaleni (juveniles), Argulus alosae, and Ergasilus labracis. Zoogonus lasius and Stephanostomum tenue represent new Canadian records, and Chloromyxum truttae and Truttaedacnitis truttae are reported for the first time from New Brunswick. Bulbodacnitis alpinus, previously reported only from the Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus), is considered to be a synonym of T. truttae.

Download Full-text

Linseed oil as a substitute for fish oil in the diet of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus), brook charr (S. fontinalis) and their reciprocal hybrids.

Aquaculture Reports ◽

10.1016/j.aqrep.2021.100949 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. 100949

Author(s):

Bernard-Antonin Dupont-Cyr ◽

Nathalie R. Le François ◽

Felix Christen ◽

Véronique Desrosiers ◽

Arianne Savoie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fish Oil ◽

Salvelinus Alpinus ◽

Arctic Charr ◽

Linseed Oil ◽

Brook Charr ◽

Reciprocal Hybrids

Download Full-text

Propanidid, a useful anaesthetic for studying blood circulation in early development of fish

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z87-202 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 65 (5) ◽

pp. 1286-1289

Author(s):

Ronald S. Veenstra ◽

Eugene K. Balon ◽

Christine Flegler-Balon

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Early Development ◽

Blood Circulation ◽

Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽

Early Ontogeny ◽

The Other ◽

Brook Charr ◽

Cocaine Hydrochloride ◽

The Times ◽

Blood Elements

The effectiveness of propanidid was tested by comparing it with cocaine hydrochloride, urethane, and traicaine methanesulfonate, anaesthetics already established for studies of early ontogeny in fishes. Free embryos of the brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis, and 7-day-old amargosa pupfish, Cyprinodon nevadensis amargosae, were anaesthetized with dilute solutions of these drugs. The times taken until the blood elements ceased moving through the capillary loops of the developing caudal fin were compared. Propanidid was found to be superior to the other drugs tested in maintaining the longest duration of unaltered blood flow.

Download Full-text

Increased susceptibility of salmonids to the monogenean Gyrodactylus salaris following administration of hydrocortisone acetate

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182099005223 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 120 (1) ◽

pp. 57-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

P. D. HARRIS ◽

A. SOLENG ◽

T. A. BAKKE

Keyword(s):

Salmo Trutta ◽

Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽

Salvelinus Alpinus ◽

Arctic Charr ◽

Hydrocortisone Acetate ◽

Hydrocortisone Administration ◽

Resistant Group ◽

Parasite Populations ◽

Practical Level ◽

Increased Susceptibility

Gyrodactylus salaris infects numerous salmonid species, ranging from the fully susceptible (Norwegian strains of Salmo salar), through species which, though initially susceptible, eventually eliminate their infections (Salvelinus alpinus and S. fontinalis) to entirely resistant (Salmo trutta) species. Here we describe experiments in which Salvelinus alpinus, S. fontinalis and Salmo trutta, implanted with hydrocortisone acetate to simulate stress-induced immunosuppression, were challenged with G. salaris. With previously uninfected Salvelinus fontinalis, G. salaris infections on fish treated with hydrocortisone acetate grew larger, and for longer, than on sham-treated controls. A similar result was obtained with S. trutta. Patterns of infection on Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, were more complex, because individual fish varied from susceptible to highly resistant. Fish were therefore initially infected with G. salaris, and the most highly resistant group of individuals identified and disinfected. After 6 months recovery from this primary infection, hydrocortisone acetate was administered to half the fish, and all were challenged with G. salaris. Parasite populations on the hydrocortisone-treated individuals were consistently larger than those on the sham-treated controls, exceeding 30 parasites per fish after 5 weeks, in comparison with less than 10 parasites per fish on controls. These results indicate that hydrocortisone administration can lead to enhanced gyrodactylid populations on a range of salmonids. This suggests that the response to G. salaris is mediated by the immune system, and that the spectrum of responses observed in different species are, at least in part, due to the same mechanism. At a practical level, stress-induced immunosuppression during handling and transport of cultured salmonids may prove an important factor in the dissemination of G. salaris between watersheds.

Download Full-text