Rift Valley fever virus vaccine trial: study of neutralizing antibody response in humans

SUMMARYRift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-transmitted bunyavirus (genusPhlebovirus) associated with severe disease in livestock and fatal encephalitis or haemorrhagic fever in a proportion of infected humans. Although live attenuated and inactivated vaccines have been used in livestock, and on a limited scale in humans, there is a need for improved anti-RVFV vaccines. Towards this goal, Sindbis virus replicon vectors expressing the RVFV Gn and Gc glycoproteins, as well as the non-structural nsM protein, were constructed and evaluated for their ability to induce protective immune responses against RVFV. These replicon vectors were shown to produce the RVFV glycoproteins to high levelsin vitroand to induce systemic anti-RVFV antibody responses in immunized mice, as determined by RVFV-specific ELISA, fluorescent antibody tests, and demonstration of a neutralizing antibody response. Replicon vaccination also provided 100% protection against lethal RVFV challenge by either the intraperitoneal or intranasal route. Furthermore, preliminary results indicate that the replicon vectors elicit RVFV-specific neutralizing antibody responses in vaccinated sheep. These results suggest that alphavirus-based replicon vectors can induce protective immunity against RVFV, and that this approach merits further investigation into its potential utility as a RVFV vaccine.

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Comparative evaluation of different inactivated Rift valley fever virus vaccine adjuvanted with montanide oil ISA 61 VG, montanide oil ISA 201 VG, and aluminum hydroxide gel

Benha Veterinary Medical Journal ◽

10.21608/bvmj.2015.31824 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 224-228

Author(s):

Gabr El-Bagoury ◽

Saad Sharawi ◽

Lily Salama ◽

Marwa Hammad

Keyword(s):

Aluminum Hydroxide ◽

Virus Vaccine ◽

Rift Valley ◽

Comparative Evaluation ◽

Rift Valley Fever ◽

Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽

Fever Virus ◽

Valley Fever

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Rift-valley-fever virus vaccine by cultivation of Escherichia coli containing the virus gene

Vaccine ◽

10.1016/0264-410x(86)90148-9 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 272

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Virus Vaccine ◽

Rift Valley ◽

Rift Valley Fever ◽

Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽

Fever Virus ◽

Valley Fever ◽

Virus Gene

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Studies on Rift Valley fever in some African murids (Rodentia: Muridae)

Journal of Hygiene ◽

10.1017/s0022172400053535 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 80 (2) ◽

pp. 183-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

R. Swanepoel ◽

N. K. Blackburn ◽

S. Efstratiou ◽

J. B. Condy

Keyword(s):

Rift Valley ◽

Rift Valley Fever ◽

Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽

Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽

Neutralizing Antibody ◽

Fever Virus ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Valley Fever ◽

Rhabdomys Pumilio

SUMMARYBrains, spleens and livers of 2212 murids, 27 shrews and 7 dormice, trapped at 7 sites in Rhodesia, were tested in 277 pools for the presence of Rift Valley Fever virus. There were no isolations of Rift Valley Fever, but 69 isolations of an unidentified virus were obtained. Sixteen out of 867 sera had low-titre haemagglutination-inhibition activity against Rift Valley Fever antigen, but only one out of 1260 sera had neutralizing antibody. The evidence suggests that murids fail to encounter infection in nature and are unlikely to play a role in circulation and dissemination of Rift Valley Fever virus. Four out of seven widely distributed species of murid, Rhabdomys pumilio, Saccostomys campestris, Aethomys chrysophilus and Lemniscomys griselda, were shown to be capable of circulating amounts of virus likely to be infective for mosquitoes.

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Correlation Between Rift Valley Fever Virus (RVFV) Neutralizing Antibody Titers in Vaccinated Sheep and Effective Dose 50 (ED50) in Vaccinated Mice

THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY ◽

10.21887/ijvsbt.15.3.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (03) ◽

pp. 01-04

Author(s):

Heba A. Khafagy ◽

Heba MG Abdel Aziz ◽

Amal AM ◽

Barghooth WM ◽

Nermeen G Shafik

Keyword(s):

Effective Dose ◽

Rift Valley ◽

Rift Valley Fever ◽

Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽

Health Hazard ◽

Neutralizing Antibody ◽

Fever Virus ◽

In Vitro Test ◽

Valley Fever ◽

Antibody Titers

Rift valley fever is an arthropod-born, multispecies zoonotic viral disease. Control of RVF disease depends mainly on vector control and vaccination of susceptible animals. The present work aims to detect the correlation between Rift Valley Fever Virus (RVFV) neutralizing antibody titers in vaccinated sheep using Serum Neutralization test as in vitro test and effective dose fifty in vaccinated mice as in vivo potency test and determine if they can be alternative to each other. In this work,17 inactivated RVFV vaccine batches were evaluated, applying SNT for serum samples of vaccinated sheep and ED50 in vaccinated mice. The two models of tests showed compatible results, where the same 14 vaccine batches showed satisfactory results [(SNT >1.5) and (ED50 less than 0.02)], while the other three batches revealed unsatisfactory results in both two tests. Statistical analysis of results using Wilcoxon’s test was (0.0001), indicating a significant correlation between the tests so it could be recommended to depend on SNT instead of mice inoculation in the evaluation of RVF vaccine to reduce the numbers of animals being used and to avoid the possible public health hazard.

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