In the final chapter, areas of future research in gaining a better understanding the functions of the endocannabinoid system and the effects of cannabis on this system are envisioned. It is critical to investigate the effects produced by various strains of marijuana with different ratios of THC:CBD and other cannabinoids. As well, little is understood about the interaction between marijuana and other drugs, in particular alcohol. Cannabinoid designer drugs, for example Spice, are discussed. Some of the difficulties in conducting valid and reliable human clinical research with marijuana are discussed. A special case is made for palliative care. Finally, risks and benefits of marijuana use for both medicinal and recreational purposes are discussed.