Long-Term Energy Storage: What is the Need and is Ammonia a Solution?

Author(s):  
Richard M. Nayak-Luke ◽  
René Bañares-Alcántara
Keyword(s):  
Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1109
Author(s):  
Robert Bock ◽  
Björn Kleinsteinberg ◽  
Bjørn Selnes-Volseth ◽  
Odne Stokke Burheim

For renewable energies to succeed in replacing fossil fuels, large-scale and affordable solutions are needed for short and long-term energy storage. A potentially inexpensive approach of storing large amounts of energy is through the use of a concentration flow cell that is based on cheap and abundant materials. Here, we propose to use aqueous iron chloride as a reacting solvent on carbon electrodes. We suggest to use it in a red-ox concentration flow cell with two compartments separated by a hydrocarbon-based membrane. In both compartments the red-ox couple of iron II and III reacts, oxidation at the anode and reduction at the cathode. When charging, a concentration difference between the two species grows. When discharging, this concentration difference between iron II and iron III is used to drive the reaction. In this respect it is a concentration driven flow cell redox battery using iron chloride in both solutions. Here, we investigate material combinations, power, and concentration relations.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Astrid Senta Edel ◽  
František Hrdlička ◽  
Václav Novotný

As part of the change towards a higher deployment of renewable energy sources, which naturally deliver energy intermittently, the need for energy storage systems is increasing. For compensation of disturbance in power production due to inter-day to seasonal weather changes, long-term energy storage is required. In the spectrum of storage systems, one out of a few geographically independent possibilities is the storage of electricity in heat, so-called Carnot-Batteries. This paper presents a Pumped Thermal Energy Storage (PTES) system based on a recuperated supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle. The modelled system provides a round-trip efficiency of 38.9%.


1995 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 618-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.J. Bornemann ◽  
A. Tonoli ◽  
T. Ritter ◽  
C. Urban ◽  
O. Zaitsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

1985 ◽  
pp. 428-494
Author(s):  
H. P. Garg ◽  
S. C. Mullick ◽  
A. K. Bhargava
Keyword(s):  

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