Enzyme-initiated free radical polymerizations of vinyl monomers using horseradish peroxidase

2019 ◽  
pp. 249-262
Author(s):  
Kyle J. Rodriguez ◽  
Michela M. Pellizzoni ◽  
Robert J. Chadwick ◽  
Chao Guo ◽  
Nico Bruns
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Horseradish Peroxidase ◽  
Vinyl Monomers ◽  
Radical Polymerizations

Universal xanthate-mediated controlled free radical polymerizations of the “less activated” vinyl monomers

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (22) ◽  
pp. 5206-5214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuefang Yan ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Yansheng Qiu ◽  
Zhengbiao Zhang ◽  
Jian Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Vinyl Monomers ◽  
Radical Polymerizations

Evaluating the Effect of Termination by Chain - Chain Coupling in Living Free-Radical Polymerizations

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Pyun ◽  
Ian Rees ◽  
Jean M. J. Fréchet ◽  
Craig J. Hawker
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Star Polymers ◽  
Star Polymer ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Vinyl Monomers ◽  
Linear Polymers ◽  
Radical Coupling ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Radical Polymerizations

A novel approach based on the reaction of multifunctional star polymers with chromophore-labelled linear polymers is presented for evaluating the extent of termination by chain–chain coupling during living free-radical polymerizations. A mixed initiating system consisting of an unlabelled, multifunctional initiator and an excess of a monofunctional alkoxyamine initiator containing a chromophore, such as pyrene, is used to initiate the living polymerization of vinyl monomers leading to a mixture of star and linear polymers. The occurrence of chain–chain coupling is readily identified and quantified by isolating the star polymer that is obtained and elucidating the level of incorporation of pyrene units by UV/vis spectroscopy. This allows the level of chain–chain coupling to be determined since the inclusion of pyrene into the star structure is a direct result of termination by radical coupling.

Free radical polymerizations of some vinyl monomers in carbon dioxide fluid

2008 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 468-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi Wang ◽  
Ya Jun Yang ◽  
Qing Zhi Dong ◽  
Chun Pu Hu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Vinyl Monomers ◽  
Radical Polymerizations

Mechanochemical Reactions Leading to Reinforcement in Rubbers

1960 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 929-939
Author(s):  
R. J. Ceresa
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Covalent Bond ◽  
Vinyl Monomers ◽  
Research Association ◽  
Block Copolymerization ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Carbon Gel ◽  
Internal Mixer ◽  
Mechanochemical Reactions

Abstract The development of the single rotor internal mixer (at the British Rubber Producers' Research Association) has facilitated the research into mechanochemical reactions of a wide range of high polymers. The term “mechanochemical” has been applied to reactions such as mastication, the mechanism of which involves the primary step of mechanical scission of a polymer chain into polymeric free radicals at a carbon to carbon or other covalent bond. The processes which have been studied previously include the cold mastication of rubberlike polymers, the formation of carbon gel, the interpolymerization of two elastomers during blending, and block copolymerization by the cold mastication of polymers plasticized by vinyl monomers. The evidence for the polymeric free radical nature of these reactions has recently been reviewed.

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