scholarly journals Assessing on-farm productivity of Miscanthus crops by combining soil mapping, yield modelling and remote sensing

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 252-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goetz M. Richter ◽  
Francesco Agostini ◽  
Alexandra Barker ◽  
Delphine Costomiris ◽  
Aiming Qi
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Soil Mapping ◽  
Farm Productivity ◽  
On Farm

Remote sensing in soil mapping — A review

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Pásztor ◽  
Katalin Takács
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Soil Mapping

A távérzékeléses eljárásokkal gyűjtött információk számos módon hasznosultak, hasznosulnak a talajtérképezésben. A légi fotók és műholdképek megfelelő alaptérképet és térbeli keretet nyújtanak a talajtérképezéshez. A távérzékelt adatok közvetlen, illetve közvetett információt szolgáltatnak az egyes talajtulajdonságokról. Ezáltal mindkét módon támogatni tudják a talajok térbeli változékonyságát leíró két alapvető koncepciót: az objektum alapút, illetve a talajtulajdonságok folytonos térbeli változását hangsúlyozót. Cikkünkben ezen kategorizálás mentén, többé-kevésbé időrendi sorrendet is megtartva, tekintettük át röviden és példákkal illusztrálva, hogy konkrétan milyen formában képes a távérzékelés segítséget nyújtani a talajtérképezés kérdéseinek megoldásában, illetve kivitelezésének gyakorlatában. A távérzékelés által szolgáltatott térben folytonos és kvantitatív adatok megfelelő támogatást nyújtanak a pontszerűnek tekinthető talajtani mérések térbeli kiterjesztéséhez. A távérzékelés sokrétű lehetőséget biztosít a talaj-táj kapcsolatának modellezésére, illetve az ezen alapuló térképezési koncepció számára. A távérzékelésből származó több időpontú spektrális, illetve egyes speciális kiértékelések során előállított felszínborítási, földhasználati térképek, valamint domborzati modellek a digitális talajtérképezés számára a legalapvetőbb környezeti segédváltozókat szolgáltatják. Mindezeken túl a távérzékelt képek hatékonyan támogatják a térképezéseket megelőző mintavétel tervezést és megújították a digitális formában publikált térképek alaptérképi környezetét is. A távérzékelés a közeljövőben is dinamikusan növekvő mennyiségű adatot fog szolgáltatni a földfelszínről. Az ebben rejlő lehetőséget semmiképpen sem szabad elszalasztani a talajtérképezésben érdekelteknek, főképpen a távérzékeléssel nyert adatmennyiséggel összehasonlítva igen csak szűkösen keletkező és elérhető talajtani információ tükrében. A támogatás tehát adott, annak kihasználása azonban már rajtunk múlik.

Does the Contract Type Matter? Impact of Marketing and Production Contracts on Cashew Farmers’ Farm Performance in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Dubbert ◽  
Awudu Abdulai
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Spot Markets ◽  
Switching Regression ◽  
Farm Productivity ◽  
Production Contracts ◽  
Marketing Contracts ◽  
On Farm ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Substantial Heterogeneity

Abstract Many studies show that participation in contract farming has positive impacts on farm productivity and incomes. Most of the literature, however, does not take into account that contracts vary in their specifications, making empirical evidence scarce on the diverse impacts of different types of contracts. In this study, we investigate the driving forces of participation in marketing and production contracts, relative to spot markets. We also study the extent to which different contract types add additional benefits to smallholder farmers, using recent survey data of 389 cashew farmers in Ghana. To account for selection bias arising from observed and unobserved factors, we apply a multinomial endogenous switching regression method and implement a counterfactual analysis. The empirical results demonstrate that farmers who participate in production contracts obtain significantly higher cashew yields, cashew net revenues, and are more food secure compared to spot market farmers. We also find substantial heterogeneity in the impact of marketing and production contracts across scale of operation. Small sized farms that participate in production contracts tend to benefit the most. Marketing contracts, however, do not appear to benefit cashew farmers.

Regional characterisation of soil properties by combining soil science and hyperspectral and thermal remote sensing: A technical overview of lab and field remote sensing methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Mommertz ◽  
Lars Konen ◽  
Martin Schodlok
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Soil Mapping ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Soil Parameter ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Parameter Retrieval

<p>Soil is one of the world’s most important natural resources for human livelihood as it provides food and clean water. Therefore, its preservation is of huge importance. For this purpose, a proficient regional database on soil properties is needed. The project “ReCharBo” (Regional Characterisation of Soil Properties) has the objective to combine remote sensing, geophysical and pedological methods to determine soil characteristics on a regional scale. Its aim is to characterise soils non-invasive, time and cost efficient and with a minimal number of soil samples to calibrate the measurements. Konen et al. (2021) give detailed information on the research concept and first field results in a presentation in the session “SSS10.3 Digital Soil Mapping and Assessment”. Hyperspectral remote sensing is a powerful and well known technique to characterise near surface soil properties. Depending on the sensor technology and the data quality, a wide variety of soil properties can be derived with remotely sensed data (Chabrillat et al. 2019, Stenberg et al. 2010). The project aims to investigate the effects of up and downscaling, namely which detail of information is preserved on a regional scale and how a change in scales affects the analysis algorithms and the possibility to retrieve valid soil parameter information. Thus, e.g. laboratory and field spectroscopy are applied to gain information of samples and fieldspots, respectively. Various UAV-based sensors, e.g. thermal & hyperspectral sensors, are applied to study soil properties of arable land in different study areas at field scale. Finally, airborne (helicopter) hyperspectral data will cover the regional scale. Additionally forthcoming spaceborne hyperspectral satellite data (e.g. Prisma, EnMAP, Sentinel-CHIME) are a promising outlook to gain detailed regional soil information. In this context it will be discussed how the multisensor data acquisition is best managed to optimise soil parameter retrieval. Sensor specific properties regarding time and date of acquisition as well as weather/atmospheric conditions are outlined. The presentation addresses and discusses the impact of a multisensor and multiscale remote sensing data collection regarding the results on soil parameter retrieval.</p><p> </p><p>References</p><p>Chabrillat, S., Ben-Dor, E. Cierniewski, J., Gomez, C., Schmid, T. & van Wesemael, B. (2019): Imaging Spectroscopy for Soil Mapping and Monitoring. Surveys in Geophysics 40:361–399. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-019-09524-0</p><p>Stenberg, B., Viscarra Rossel, R. A., Mounem Mouazen, A. & Wetterlind, J. (2010): Visible and Near Infrared Spectroscopy in Soil Science. In: Donald L. Sparks (editor): Advances in Agronomy. Vol. 107. Academic Press:163-215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(10)07005-7</p>

The impact of land renting-in on farm productivity: evidence from maize production in China

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongwei Qiu ◽  
Qinying He ◽  
S.T. Boris Choy ◽  
Yifei Li ◽  
Biliang Luo
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Farm Productivity ◽  
The Government ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Land Size ◽  
On Farm ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis study investigates the effect of renting in land on farm productivity, and the impacts of rented-in land size and transaction partner type on farm productivity.Design/methodology/approachData from the 2015 China Household Finance Survey are analyzed using an extended regression model and the two-stage least squares method.FindingsFarm households that rent in land are likely to achieve higher farm productivity, and ignoring endogeneity underestimates the positive effect of land renting-in. Further evidence indicates that rented-in land size has an insignificant impact on farm productivity, and that there is no difference in farm productivity between lessees renting-in land from acquaintances and those renting-in land from non-acquaintances. These results may be caused by the higher degree of marketization of land rentals between acquaintances in China. With increasing competition in agricultural factor markets, in theory, rented-in land size should not affect farm productivity.Practical implicationsOverall, the analysis suggests that renting in land improves farm productivity, which supports the land transfer policies that have been rolled out in recent decades in China. However, our finding that rented land size does not affect farm productivity, consistent with the results in the literature, implies that the Chinese government should no longer subsidize or prefer large farms with low productivity. More attention should be paid to small lessees and market-oriented land rentals between acquaintances. Promoting the marketization of land transfers inside acquaintance networks could realize the potential of the land market, especially if land transfers decrease.Originality/valueThis study identifies the effects of renting in land, rented-in land size and type of rental transaction partner on farm productivity using nationally representative data. The findings imply that the government should pay more attention to the marketization of land rentals between acquaintances. Although existing studies regard land rental between acquaintances as informal and of low efficiency, the recent evidence shows that China's land markets are changing, and policy makers should adjust their policies accordingly.

Land Reform: A Foundation for Industrial Growth in Developing Countries?

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Anne Margrethe Brigham
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Farm Productivity ◽  
Short Summary ◽  
Agricultural Surplus ◽  
On Farm ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

In this paper I examine whether or not land reform can contribute to growth in the agricultural surplus of developing countries. There are two possible channels where we might expect an effect: the first is agricultural productivity and the second is “on farm consumption”. I start with an introduction to the theories on the relationship between agrarian structure and farm productivity. The theoretical literature on the effects of land reform on productivity is inconclusive. Therefore, I perform an empirical test on the relationship. I find that land reform is at least not detrimental to productivity. Next I provide a short summary of the literature on the relationship between land reform and “on farm consumption”. This literature is more conclusive. My conclusion suggests that land reform can have a positive effect on agricultural surplus (and thereby on industrialization) through both growth and redistribution.

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