Mesenchymal progenitor cells in adult human dental pulp and their ability to form bone when transplanted into immunocompromised mice

AbstarctAdipose tissue is used extensively in reconstructive and regenerative therapies, but transplanted fat often undergoes inflammation and cell death, requiring further revision surgery. We report that functional human adipose tissue can be generated from mesenchymal progenitor cells in-vivo, providing an alternative approach to its therapeutic use. We leveraged previous findings that progenitor cells within the vasculature of human adipose tissue robustly proliferate in 3-dimensional culture under proangiogenic conditions. Implantation of these progenitor cells into immunocompromised mice results in differentiation towards non-adipocyte fates, incapable of generating a distinct tissue structure. However, priming of these progenitor cells in-vitro towards adipogenic differentiation results in formation of functional adipose tissue in-vivo. Mechanistically, priming induces the expression of genes encoding specific extracellular matrix and remodeling proteins, and induces extensive vascularization by host blood vessels. In comparison, grafts from adipose tissue obtained by liposuction undergo poor vascularization, adipocyte death, cyst formation, calcification and inefficient adiponectin secretion. Thus, primed mesenchymal adipose tissue progenitors reveal mechanisms of human adipose tissue development, and have potential to improve outcomes in reconstructive and regenerative medicine.

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Stem/progenitor cells from inflamed human dental pulp retain tissue regeneration potential

Regenerative Medicine ◽

10.2217/rme.10.30 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 617-631 ◽

Cited By ~ 158

Author(s):

Dominick J Alongi ◽

Takayoshi Yamaza ◽

Yingjie Song ◽

Ashraf F Fouad ◽

Elaine E Romberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Progenitor Cells ◽

Tissue Regeneration ◽

Dental Pulp ◽

Regeneration Potential ◽

Human Dental Pulp

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αSMA-Expressing Perivascular Cells Represent Dental Pulp Progenitors In Vivo

Journal of Dental Research ◽

10.1177/0022034516678208 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 96 (3) ◽

pp. 323-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

I. Vidovic ◽

A. Banerjee ◽

R. Fatahi ◽

B.G. Matthews ◽

N.A. Dyment ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Progenitor Cells ◽

Dental Pulp ◽

Lineage Tracing ◽

Exposure Model ◽

Small Contribution ◽

Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells ◽

Perivascular Cells ◽

Reparative Dentin ◽

Pulp Exposure

The goal of this study was to examine the contribution of perivascular cells to odontoblasts during the development, growth, and repair of dentin using mouse molars as a model. We used an inducible, Cre-loxP in vivo fate-mapping approach to examine the contributions of the descendants of cells expressing the αSMA-CreERT2 transgene to the odontoblast lineage. In vivo lineage-tracing experiments in molars showed the contribution of αSMA-tdTomato+ cells to a small number of newly formed odontoblasts during primary dentinogenesis. Using an experimental pulp exposure model in molars to induce reparative dentinogenesis, we demonstrate the contribution of αSMA-tdTomato+ cells to cells secreting reparative dentin. Our results demonstrate that αSMA-tdTomato+ cells differentiated into Col2.3-GFP+ cells composed of both Dspp+ odontoblasts and Bsp+ osteoblasts. Our findings identify a population of mesenchymal progenitor cells capable of giving rise to a second generation of odontoblasts during reparative dentinogenesis. This population also makes a small contribution to odontoblasts during primary dentinogenesis.

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