Quantitative assessment of left ventricular systolic wall thickening using multidetector computed tomography

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
T.S. Kristensen ◽  
K.F. Kofoed ◽  
D.V. Møller ◽  
M. Ersbøll ◽  
T. Kühl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Systolic Wall Thickening

Quantitative assessment of left ventricular systolic wall thickening using multidetector computed tomography

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S. Kristensen ◽  
Klaus F. Kofoed ◽  
Daniel V. Møller ◽  
Mads Ersbøll ◽  
Tobias Kühl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Systolic Wall Thickening

Multidetector computed tomography for characterization of calcium deposits in reperfused myocardial infarction

2009 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Carlsson ◽  
P. C. Ursell ◽  
D. Saloner ◽  
M. Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Remote Myocardium ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Regional Wall ◽  
Infarction Size ◽  
Calcium Deposits ◽  
Systolic Wall Thickening

Background: Calcium overload is a major cause of reperfusion myocardial injury. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) has been previously used in visualizing coronary artery calcium, but not calcium deposits in reperfused infarction. Purpose: To assess the ability of MDCT to 1) noninvasively visualize and characterize calcium deposits in reperfused infarcts, and 2) monitor regional wall swelling, regional systolic wall thickening, and infarct resorption. Material and Methods: Reperfused myocardial infarcts were created in seven pigs by 2-hour occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) after coronary catheterization. A 64-slice MDCT scanner was used for non-contrast images to depict calcium deposits. Furthermore, cine and delayed contrast-enhanced (DE) MDCT imaging were acquired to assess the chronological changes (2–4 hours, 1 week, and 8 weeks) in regional wall swelling, systolic wall thickening, and infarct size. Results: Non-contrast MDCT images depicted calcium deposits as “hot-spots.” Attenuation of calcium deposits was greater (89±6 Hounsfield units [HU]) than remote myocardium (36±3 HU; P<0.05). Calcium deposits were not evident at 2–4 hours and were substantially smaller at 8 weeks compared to 1 week. Correlations were found between the extent of calcium deposits, ejection fraction ( R=0.81), and infarction size ( R=0.70). Cine MCDT images demonstrated transient wall swelling (edema formation and resorption) at 2–4 hours and differences in regional systolic wall thickening among infarcted, peri-infarcted, and remote myocardium. Calcium-specific von Kossa stain confirmed the presence of calcium deposits in infarcted myocardium. Conclusion: 64-slice MDCT has the potential to demonstrate the progression and regression of calcium deposits, interstitial edema, and infarction. The presence of calcium deposits was transient and associated with reperfused recent infarction. The extent of calcium deposits was positively correlated with infarction size and negatively with global left-ventricular function.

Assessment of Myocardial Viability in Persistent Defects on Thallium-201 SPECT after Reinjection Using Gradient-Echo MRI

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (05) ◽  
pp. 146-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kögler ◽  
H.-A. Schmitt ◽  
D. Emrich ◽  
H. Kreuzer ◽  
D. L. Munz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Myocardial Viability ◽  
Cardiac Cycle ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Gradient Echo ◽  
Systolic Wall Thickening

SummaryThis prospective study assessed myocardial viability in 30 patients with coronary heart disease and persistent defects despite reinjection on TI-201 single-photon computed tomography (SPECT). In each patient, three observers graded TI-201 uptake in 7 left ventricular wall segments. Gradient-echo magnetic resonance imaging in the region of the persistent defect generated 12 to 16 short axis views representing a cardiac cycle. A total of 120 segments were analyzed. Mean end-diastolic wall thickness and systolic wall thickening (± SD) was 11.5 ± 2.7 mm and 5.8 ± 3.9 mm in 48 segments with normal TI-201 uptake, 10.1 ± 3.4 mm and 3.7 ± 3.1 mm in 31 with reversible lesions, 11.3 ± 2.8 mm and 3.3 ± 1.9 mm in 10 with mild persistent defects, 9.2 ± 2.9 mm and 3.2 ±2.2 mm in 15 with moderate persistent defects, 5.8 ± 1.7 mm and 1.3 ± 1.4 mm in 16 with severe persistent defects, respectively. Significant differences in mean end-diastolic wall thickness (p <0.0005) and systolic wall thickening (p <0.005) were found only between segments with severe persistent defects and all other groups, but not among the other groups. On follow-up in 11 patients after revascularization, 6 segments with mild-to-moderate persistent defects showed improvement in mean systolic wall thickening that was not seen in 6 other segments with severe persistent defects. These data indicate that most myocardial segments with mild and moderate persistent TI-201 defects after reinjection still contain viable tissue. Segments with severe persistent defects, however, represent predominantly nonviable myocardium without contractile function.

Regional myocardial effects of intracoronary bradykinin in conscious dogs

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (3) ◽  
pp. H1266-H1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Houel ◽  
J. Su ◽  
F. Barbe ◽  
R. Choussat ◽  
B. Crozatier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Function ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Regional Myocardial Function ◽  
Systemic Hemodynamic ◽  
Systolic Wall Thickening ◽  
Dose Dependent

This study examined in conscious dogs, the coronary and regional myocardial effects of bradykinin (BK) administered by intracoronary route and their modulation by an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Eleven dogs were chronically instrumented with a left ventricular (LV) micromanometer, a circumflex coronary catheter, a flow probe, and ultrasonic crystals in the LV posterior wall. In the absence of systemic hemodynamic changes, BK (0.1-10 ng/kg i.c.) produced dose-dependent increases in coronary blood flow velocity (CBFV) and in LV posterior end-diastolic wall thickness (EDWT) but produced no change in LV regional myocardial function as assessed by LV posterior systolic wall thickening. The increases in LV EDWT and CBFV were linearly correlated. The BK B2 antagonist (HOE 140) abolished the effects of BK. Intracoronary enalaprilat (0.75 mg) extended the duration of the effect of BK on CBFV without modification of peak responses and induced a further increase in LV posterior EDWT but no change in LV regional myocardial function. Thus, in conscious dogs, the vasodilator effect of intracoronary BK alone or modulated by enalaprilat is not associated with changes in LV regional myocardial function.

Left ventricular noncompaction: A proposal of new diagnostic criteria by multidetector computed tomography

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 346-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Melendez-Ramirez ◽  
Francisco Castillo-Castellon ◽  
Nilda Espinola-Zavaleta ◽  
Aloha Meave ◽  
Eric T. Kimura-Hayama
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Noncompaction ◽  
Ventricular Noncompaction

Coronary hyperperfusion augments myocardial oxygen consumption

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (4) ◽  
pp. H1384-H1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Ishibashi ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
D. J. Duncker ◽  
C. Klassen ◽  
T. Pavek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Coronary Blood Flow ◽  
Myocardial Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Systolic Thickening ◽  
Subepicardial Layer ◽  
Systolic Wall Thickening

This study was performed to test the hypothesis that increases in myocardial oxygen consumption (MVo2) and myocardial contractile function during exercise are flow limited. Studies were performed in 15 chronically instrumented normal dogs. MVo2 and regional percent systolic wall thickening were measured during control conditions and during maximal vasodilation produced by infusion of adenosine (20-75 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) or adenosine combined with nitroglycerin (0.4 micrograms.kg-1.min-1; TNG) into the left anterior descending coronary artery during a three-stage graded treadmill exercise protocol. Adenosine and adenosine plus TNG significantly increased coronary blood flow by 298 +/- 26 and 306 +/- 24%, respectively, at rest and by 134 +/- 7 and 145 +/- 9%, respectively, during the heaviest level of exercise (each P < 0.01). Adenosine and adenosine plus TNG increased MVo2 at rest, but this was associated with a parallel increase in heart rate, so that MVo2 per beat was not significantly changed. Systolic wall thickening was also not changed by hyperperfusion during resting conditions. However, MVo2 per beat was increased by 12 +/- 4% with adenosine and by 13 +/- 5% with adenosine plus TNG during moderate exercise and by 23 +/- 5% with adenosine and by 27 +/- 4% with adenosine plus TNG during the heaviest level of exercise (each P < 0.05). Systolic thickening of the full left ventricular wall did not change during hyperperfusion, but thickening in the subepicardial layer was increased by 14 +/- 3% with adenosine and 18 +/- 3% with adenosine plus TNG during the heaviest level of exercise (each P < 0.05). There was no difference in wall thickening between adenosine and adenosine plus TNG. These findings imply that the increases in MVo2 which occur during exercise are limited by coronary blood flow.

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