scholarly journals Global Optimisation in Hilbert Spaces using the Survival of the Fittest Algorithm.

Author(s):  
Andrew Yu. Morozov ◽  
Oleg Kuzenkov ◽  
Simran K. Sandhu
Author(s):  
Michael Laver ◽  
Ernest Sergenti

This chapter extends the survival-of-the-fittest evolutionary environment to consider the possibility that new political parties, when they first come into existence, do not pick decision rules at random but instead choose rules that have a track record of past success. This is done by adding replicator-mutator dynamics to the model, according to which the probability that each rule is selected by a new party is an evolving but noisy function of that rule's past performance. Estimating characteristic outputs when this type of positive feedback enters the dynamic model creates new methodological challenges. The simulation results show that it is very rare for one decision rule to drive out all others over the long run. While the diversity of decision rules used by party leaders is drastically reduced with such positive feedback in the party system, and while some particular decision rule is typically prominent over a certain period of time, party systems in which party leaders use different decision rules are sustained over substantial periods.


Author(s):  
Dinesh Kumar ◽  
Jyotirmaya Mahapatra

Contrary to the Indian philosophy of “Vasudhaiv Kutumbkam”, western design of management is based upon the Darwin's principle of the survival of the fittest which promoted the philosophy of 'dog eats dog'. Bulkiness of the bottom line of the balance sheet became the yardstick of the success of an organization and ethics, values and lifelong emotional bonding with people are pushed to the peripheral level where customers became 'consumer' and workers a 'hirable and replaceable commodity' and management professionals as 'tools to improvise the bottom line' without realizing that profit is not the sole motto as the purpose of organization is to create values to the society and profit is just a byproduct. Ethics and values are different from rules/regulations because it provides criteria for evaluating action based upon certain desirable norms but has no legal binding. The management is expected to follow the highest ethical standards as management is not just accountable to shareholders but also responsible towards stake holders and responsibility of management professionals from public work cannot be veiled behind the professionalism. Moreover, the great organization cannot be created without values and ethics. Only those organizations can survive till eternity that follow highest standard of ethics, moral values and create values for the society. It is difficult to accept that an organization follows highest standard of ethics, values and emotions in its internal management but can afford to remain low in ethical standards with customers. Organizations have realized the importance of ethics in marketing for the benefits in long term. Adoptions of ethical practices in marketing create positive energy in the organization and generate interest of the customer in products/ services, develop customer confidence in organization's brand and leads to loyalty. A loyal and satisfied customer and organization's brand value gives pride among employees who develops a sense of satisfaction and loyalty towards the organization which can be understood by the following flow chart: Ethical marketing behavior Satisfied customer and Brand loyalty Strong Citizen Brand Spiritually pure Business and Profit Positive energy in the organization Spiritually connected employees develops pride in organization Daivisampat employees (faithful and honest) Works hard to continue to have satisfied and loyal customers Organization able to sustain leadership


Author(s):  
D. E. Edmunds ◽  
W. D. Evans

This chapter is concerned with closable and closed operators in Hilbert spaces, especially with the special classes of symmetric, J-symmetric, accretive and sectorial operators. The Stone–von Neumann theory of extensions of symmetric operators is treated as a special case of results for compatible adjoint pairs of closed operators. Also discussed in detail is the stability of closedness and self-adjointness under perturbations. The abstract results are applied to operators defined by second-order differential expressions, and Sims’ generalization of the Weyl limit-point, limit-circle characterization for symmetric expressions to J-symmetric expressions is proved.


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