Toward a sustainable grazing management based on biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality in drylands

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Ruiyang Zhang ◽  
Jinsong Wang ◽  
Shuli Niu
2019 ◽  
Vol 283 ◽  
pp. 106561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustina di Virgilio ◽  
Sergio A. Lambertucci ◽  
Juan M. Morales

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 495 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Jones ◽  
P. M. Dowling ◽  
D. L. Michalk ◽  
W. McG. King

There have been significant declines in the perennial grass (PG) content in native and sown pastures across temperate Australia. Not only has this reduced agricultural productivity, it has contributed to more serious degradation, such as loss of soil and biodiversity, decreasing water quality, and dryland salinity caused by rising watertables. Results from the Sustainable Grazing Systems Key Program (SGS) research undertaken at Carcoar on the Central Tablelands of New South Wales were reported by Michalk et al. (2003). This research indicated that grazing management tactics can be used to manipulate pasture composition, thereby changing animal production and water-use patterns. The main grazing tactic investigated was termed a summer grazing rest, where resting was imposed in late spring if PG composition was <50%. Reported in this present paper is an economic framework for valuing the long-term benefits of grazing management tactics. The framework involves the development of a bioeconomic modelling system that links a dynamic programming model with biophysical models for water and environmental processes, soil fertility, pasture growth, livestock energy requirements and the change in pasture species composition. The study concludes that long-term economic returns are improved by strategies, e.g. a summer rest, that lead to an increase in PG composition over time. The study also determined that environmental factors, such as deep drainage, runoff and soil loss, are reduced as perenniality is increased.


2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter O'Reagain ◽  
Joe Scanlan ◽  
Leigh Hunt ◽  
Robyn Cowley ◽  
Dionne Walsh

Rainfall variability is a major challenge to sustainable grazing management in northern Australia, with management often complicated further by large, spatially-heterogeneous paddocks. This paper presents the latest grazing research and associated bio-economic modelling from northern Australia and assesses the extent to which current recommendations to manage for these issues are supported. Overall, stocking around the safe long-term carrying capacity will maintain land condition and maximise long-term profitability. However, stocking rates should be varied in a risk-averse manner as pasture availability varies between years. Periodic wet-season spelling is also essential to maintain pasture condition and allow recovery of overgrazed areas. Uneven grazing distributions can be partially managed through fencing, providing additional water-points and in some cases patch-burning, although the economics of infrastructure development are extremely context-dependent. Overall, complex multi-paddock grazing systems do not appear justified in northern Australia. Provided the key management principles outlined above are applied in an active, adaptive manner, acceptable economic and environmental outcomes will be achieved irrespective of the grazing system applied.


Author(s):  
J.F.L. Charlton ◽  
J.H. Wier

The Technosystem intensive grazing system, now called TechnoGrazing™, was developed by Rangitikei farmer, Harry Wier, during the past 25 years and is being adopted successfully on New Zealand pastoral farms. The TechnoGrazing concept is a most effective advance in subdivision and grazing management, achieving very intensive and efficient pasture utilisation, with a quantum leap in animal production. It requires only a minimum investment in plant and equipment, a low labour input, and is a sustainable grazing system when practised properly. Pastoral farmers using TechnoGrazing systems in different regions are now achieving greater profits and impressive results, especially for dairy beef and sheep finishing, and several examples are described. Keywords: controlled grazing, intensification, liveweight gains, pasture utilisation, Techno- Grazing


Author(s):  
Lilian Elgalise Techio Pereira ◽  
◽  
Sila Carneiro da Silva ◽  
Cory Matthew ◽  
Ignacio F. López ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 2077-2093
Author(s):  
Ndiabou Faye ◽  
Aly Diallo ◽  
Moustapha Bassimbé Sagna ◽  
Omar Sarr ◽  
Ramata Talla ◽  
...  

Les mares présentent un grand intérêt environnemental en raison des services écosystémiques qu'elles fournissent. Au Ferlo, les activités pastorales sont développées autour des mares. La connaissance des ressources herbacées est importante pour une gestion durable du pâturage autour des mares temporaires. L’objectif de cette étude est de déterminer la répartition spatiale des ressources herbacées autour des mares par une approche phytoécologique. L’échantillonnage sur des transects est réalisé dans les différents faciès morpho-pédologiques de deux mares pâturées et une mare non pâturée. La flore herbacée recensée compte 55 espèces, réparties dans 41 genres dont 22 familles. Les familles des Poacées et des Fabacées sont plus fréquentes quelle que soit l’unité morpho-pédologique et la mare, suivi de la famille des Cypéracées dans les mares et des versants et la famille des Zygophyllacées dont l’espèce Tribulus terrestris sur les dunes. Le recouvrement est globalement élevé (82,6%) dans la mare non pâturée et moyen sur les mares pâturées (55,33% et 46,4%). Au niveau des versants, les espèces sont de grandes tailles, rares et très diversifiées. Les espèces vivaces sont plus fréquentes autour des mares pâturées alors que les espèces rares se retrouvent autour de la mare non pâturée. Ces résultats révèlent ainsi l’influence prédominante des facteurs anthropiques et topographiques sur la répartition spatiale de la végétation herbacée.Mots clés : Transects, pâturée, phytoécologique, morpho-pédologiques. English Title: Distribution of herbaceous vegetation around temporary ponds: influence of anthropic and topographical factors in Widou Thiengoly (Ferlo, Northern Senegal)At the Ferlo, pastoral activities are developed around the ponds. The knowledge of herbaceous resources is important for sustainable grazing management around the temporary pools. The general objective of this study is to determine the spatial distribution of herbaceous resources around the ponds using a phytoecological approach. Transect sampling was carried out in the different morpho-pedological facies of two grazed ponds and one ungrazed pond. The recorded herbaceous flora includes 55 species, divided into 41 genera including 22 families. The Poaceae and Fabaceae families are more frequent whatever the morpho-pedological unit and the pond, followed by the Cyperaceae family in the ponds and on the slopes and the Zygophyllaceae family including the species Tribulus terrestris on the dunes. The overall coverage is high (82.6%) in the ungrazed pond and medium on the grazed ponds (55.33% and 46.4%). At the level of the slopes, the species are large, rare and much diversified. Perennial species are more frequent around the grazed ponds, while rare species are found around the ungrazed pond. These results thus reveal the predominant influence of anthropogenic and topographical factors on the spatial distribution of herbaceous vegetation.Keywords: Transect, grazed, phytoecological, morpho-pedological.


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