Optimal Operation of Integrated Heat Pump-instant Water Heaters with Renewable Energy

Abstract In recent years, the amount of distributed generators in the power grid has increased. Most of these distributed generators are renewable energy facilities using wind turbine generators or photovoltaic power systems. The increase in distributed generators is mostly due to environmental issues, growing concern of resource depletion, and economic benefits for residents and homeowners. Along with the increase in distributed generators, all-electric apartment buildings and residential homes with electric vehicles are on the rise. This trend is beneficial for both the environment and the residents; however, the fluctuating power from renewable energy sources and unstable loads causes fluctuations in grid frequency and distributed voltage which become problematic. This paper presents a methodology to control system frequency and distributed voltage using distributed controllable loads such as the heat pump water heater (HP) and large capacity batteries such as those of the electric vehicle (EV). By applying a power consumption controller using decentralized control for heat pump water heaters and droop characteristics for batteries, fluctuations of grid frequency and voltage are suppressed to a desired value. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system, MATLAB/Simulink is used for simulations.

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Statistical Modeling of Controllable Heat Pump Water Heaters Considering Customers' Convenience and Uncertainty and its Application to Frequency Control in Power System with a Large Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources

IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy ◽

10.1541/ieejpes.131.9 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 131 (1) ◽

pp. 9-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Taisuke Masuta ◽

Yasutoshi Gunjikake ◽

Akihiko Yokoyama ◽

Yasuyuki Tada

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Power System ◽

Statistical Modeling ◽

Heat Pump ◽

Frequency Control ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Water Heaters

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Optimal Operation Method of Smart House by Controllable Loads based on Smart Grid Topology

International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems ◽

10.1515/ijeeps-2012-0059 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 411-420 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Akihiro Yoza ◽

Kosuke Uchida ◽

Atsushi Yona ◽

Tomonobu Senju

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Smart Grid ◽

Heat Pump ◽

Power Flow ◽

Distribution Systems ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Optimal Operation ◽

Apartment House ◽

Flow Fluctuations ◽

Smart House

Abstract From the perspective of global warming suppression and depletion of energy resources, renewable energy such as wind generation (WG) and photovoltaic generation (PV) are getting attention in distribution systems. Additionally, all electrification apartment house or residence such as DC smart house have increased in recent years. However, due to fluctuating power from renewable energy sources and loads, supply–demand balancing fluctuations of power system become problematic. Therefore, “smart grid” has become very popular in the worldwide. This article presents a methodology for optimal operation of a smart grid to minimize the interconnection point power flow fluctuations. To achieve the proposed optimal operation, we use distributed controllable loads such as battery and heat pump. By minimizing the interconnection point power flow fluctuations, it is possible to reduce the maximum electric power consumption and the electric cost. This system consists of photovoltaics generator, heat pump, battery, solar collector, and load. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system, MATLAB is used in simulations.

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