Experimental thermodynamic first and second law analysis of a variable output 1–4.5 kWe, ICE-driven, natural-gas fueled micro-CHP generator

2019 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 292-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Taie ◽  
Christopher Hagen
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Second Law ◽  
Second Law Analysis ◽  
Gas Fueled

A comparative study on the first and second law analysis and performance characteristics of a spark ignition engine using either natural gas or gasoline

Fuel ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 488-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gharehghani ◽  
R. Hosseini ◽  
M. Mirsalim ◽  
Talal F. Yusaf
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Second Law ◽  
Second Law Analysis ◽  
And Performance

“Lost Available IMEP”: A Second-Law-Based Performance Parameter for IC Engines

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Mahabadipour ◽  
K. K. Srinivasan ◽  
S. R. Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Performance Parameter ◽  
Second Law ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Effective Pressure ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Indicated Mean Effective Pressure ◽  
Second Law Analysis ◽  
Ic Engines ◽  
Engine Size

The second law of thermodynamics is a powerful tool for investigating thermodynamic irreversibilities and to identify pathways for improving efficiencies of energy systems, including IC engines. In the present work, second law analysis is applied to quantify irreversibilities in diesel-ignited natural gas dual fuel low temperature combustion (LTC), which utilizes diesel to ignite natural gas to simultaneously reduce emissions of oxides of nitrogen and particulate matter. A previously validated multi zone thermodynamic model of dual fuel LTC was used as the basic framework to perform the second law analysis. The multi-zone model, which simulates closed cycle processes between intake valve closure (IVC) and exhaust valve opening (EVO), divides the cylinder contents into four main zones: (i) an unburned zone containing a premixed natural gas-air mixture, (ii) a pilot fuel zone (or “packets”) containing diesel vapor and entrained natural gas-air mixture, (iii) a flame zone, and (iv) a burned zone. By applying the second law systematically to each zone, the total entropy generated over the closed cycle (Sgen) and the lost available work (Wlost = T0*Sgen) were quantified. Subsequently, the lost available work was divided by the displaced volume to calculate a new engine performance parameter labeled “lost available indicated mean effective pressure” (LAIMEP). Proceeding analogously from the definition of indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) as an engine-size-normalized measure of indicated work, the LAIMEP may be interpreted as an engine-size-normalized measure of available work that is lost due to thermodynamic irreversibilities. Since LAIMEP is independent of engine size, it can be used to compare thermodynamic irreversibilities between engines of various displaced volumes as well as between different engine combustion strategies. Two additional second-law-based parameters: fuel conversion irreversibility (FCI) as the ratio of Wlost to total fuel chemical energy input and normalized LAIMEP as the ratio of LAIMEP to IMEP, were also defined. Parametric studies were performed at different diesel injection timings (SOI ∼ 300–340 CAD), intake temperatures (Tin ∼ 50°–150°C), and intake boost pressures (Pin ∼ 1–2.4 bar) to characterize their impact on LAIMEP and FCI. It was determined that both LAIMEP and FCI increased with SOI advancement (from 340 to 300 CAD) and decreased with increasing Tin and Pin. These trends were explained using predicted combustion parameters, especially burned mass fraction and average in-cylinder temperature at EVO. While the present work focused on diesel-natural gas dual fuel LTC (as an example), the overall methodology adopted for the second law analysis as well as the conceptual definitions of LAIMEP, FCI, etc., are generally applicable to any IC engine operating on any combustion strategy (e.g., SI, CI, LTC, etc.).

Second law analysis of a natural gas-fired gas turbine cogeneration system

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 728-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. V. Reddy ◽  
Cliff Butcher
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Second Law ◽  
Second Law Analysis ◽  
Cogeneration System

A FIRST AND SECOND LAW ANALYSIS OF PHASE CHANGE HEAT EXCHANGERS FOR ENERGY STORAGE

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Poornathresan ◽  
K.N. Ramesh ◽  
A. Venkata Ramayya
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Second Law ◽  
Second Law Analysis

scholarly journals Analytical Assessment of (Al2O3–Ag/H2O) Hybrid Nanofluid Influenced by Induced Magnetic Field for Second Law Analysis with Mixed Convection, Viscous Dissipation and Heat Generation

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 498
Author(s):  
Wasim Ullah Khan ◽  
Muhammad Awais ◽  
Nabeela Parveen ◽  
Aamir Ali ◽  
Saeed Ehsan Awan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Viscous Dissipation ◽  
Entropy Generation ◽  
Heat Generation ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Second Law ◽  
Hybrid Nanofluid ◽  
Entropy Generation Number ◽  
Generation Number ◽  
Second Law Analysis

The current study is an attempt to analytically characterize the second law analysis and mixed convective rheology of the (Al2O3–Ag/H2O) hybrid nanofluid flow influenced by magnetic induction effects towards a stretching sheet. Viscous dissipation and internal heat generation effects are encountered in the analysis as well. The mathematical model of partial differential equations is fabricated by employing boundary-layer approximation. The transformed system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations is solved using the homotopy analysis method. The entropy generation number is formulated in terms of fluid friction, heat transfer and Joule heating. The effects of dimensionless parameters on flow variables and entropy generation number are examined using graphs and tables. Further, the convergence of HAM solutions is examined in terms of defined physical quantities up to 20th iterations, and confirmed. It is observed that large λ1 upgrades velocity, entropy generation and heat transfer rate, and drops the temperature. High values of δ enlarge velocity and temperature while reducing heat transport and entropy generation number. Viscous dissipation strongly influences an increase in flow and heat transfer rate caused by a no-slip condition on the sheet.

Second law analysis of an integrated parabolic trough photovoltaic thermal system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikhil Gakkhar ◽  
Manoj K. Soni ◽  
Sanjeev Jakhar
Keyword(s):  
Second Law ◽  
Thermal System ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Photovoltaic Thermal System ◽  
Second Law Analysis
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