Investigation on environmental adaptability of special vehicle engine is scarce and its current evaluation system is unjustifiable in our country. Based on the fuzzy evaluation theory, referenced the criterion of American army environmental adaptability experiment, the paper determined the engine environmental adaptability evaluation fuzzy sets, baseline vectors and weight coefficients by the methods of hierarchical analysis and expert scoring. Then an environmental adaptability evaluation model was established to analyze and evaluate the engine environmental adaptability of the typical areas. The results indicate that the environmental adaptability of Bange in Tibet province rank "poor", Turpan in Tibet province rank "good", and Mohe in Heilongjiang province rank "average".