scholarly journals Assessment of human hair as an indicator of exposure to organophosphate flame retardants. Case study on a Norwegian mother–child cohort

2015 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 50-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kucharska ◽  
Enrique Cequier ◽  
Cathrine Thomsen ◽  
Georg Becher ◽  
Adrian Covaci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
Jördis Klose ◽  
Melanie Pahl ◽  
Kristina Bartmann ◽  
Farina Bendt ◽  
Jonathan Blum ◽  
...  

AbstractDue to their neurodevelopmental toxicity, flame retardants (FRs) like polybrominated diphenyl ethers are banned from the market and replaced by alternative FRs, like organophosphorus FRs, that have mostly unknown toxicological profiles. To study their neurodevelopmental toxicity, we evaluated the hazard of several FRs including phased-out polybrominated FRs and organophosphorus FRs: 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenylether (BDE-47), 2,2′,4,4′,5-pentabromodiphenylether (BDE-99), tetrabromobisphenol A, triphenyl phosphate, tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate and its metabolite bis-(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate, isodecyl diphenyl phosphate, triphenyl isopropylated phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate, tert-butylphenyl diphenyl phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate, tris(1-chloroisopropyl) phosphate, and tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate. Therefore, we used a human cell–based developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) in vitro battery covering a large variety of neurodevelopmental endpoints. Potency according to the respective most sensitive benchmark concentration (BMC) across the battery ranked from <1 μM (5 FRs), 1<10 μM (7 FRs) to the >10 μM range (3 FRs). Evaluation of the data with the ToxPi tool revealed a distinct ranking (a) than with the BMC and (b) compared to the ToxCast data, suggesting that DNT hazard of these FRs is not well predicted by ToxCast assays. Extrapolating the DNT in vitro battery BMCs to human FR exposure via breast milk suggests low risk for individual compounds. However, it raises a potential concern for real-life mixture exposure, especially when different compounds converge through diverse modes-of-action on common endpoints, like oligodendrocyte differentiation in this study. This case study using FRs suggests that human cell–based DNT in vitro battery is a promising approach for neurodevelopmental hazard assessment and compound prioritization in risk assessment. Graphical abstract


2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney Carignan ◽  
Robin E Dodson ◽  
Heather Stapleton
Keyword(s):  

2011 ◽  
Vol 159 (12) ◽  
pp. 3706-3713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zheng ◽  
Xiao-Jun Luo ◽  
Jian-Gang Yuan ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Yu-Tao Wang ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandeep Saini ◽  
Jenna Clarke ◽  
Narumol Jariyasopit ◽  
Cassandra Rauert ◽  
Jasmin K. Schuster ◽  
...  

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