This paper examines the existing literature in life cycle cost analysis
of large scale electricity storage systems, providing an overview of their
technical benefits and drawbacks as well as the cost associated with their
expected lifespan. The energy storage systems that are being evaluated are
Lead-Acid batteries, Nickel-Cadmium batteries, Sodium-Sulfur batteries,
Compressed Air energy storage, and Pumped Hydro plants. These systems are
suitable for grid support, and are considered of great importance for the
grid of the future. Life cycle cost analysis is an eective way of inter-
preting and comparing those systems. Both the technical and cost
characteristics that are presented in the paper are key findings critical
for understanding the applicability and challenges associated with each
system. These metrics should be used to properly evaluate the most cost
eective option among the systems in a holistic approach, as the power
industry moves towards a greener future.
Life Cycle Cost Analysis for utility-scale Energy Storage systems