Neural modulations in processing of natural information in patients with schizophrenia and their unaffected siblings

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s819-s819
Author(s):  
Y. Lerner ◽  
M. Bleich-Cohen ◽  
W. Madah ◽  
S. Solnik ◽  
G. Yogev-Seligmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Real Life ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Schizophrenia Group ◽  
Natural Information ◽  
Time Courses ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Information Comprehension ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

Recent studies in healthy populations have shown a hierarchical network of brain areas to process information over time. Specifically, we revealed that the capacity to accumulate information changes gradually from the early sensory areas toward high-order perceptual and cognitive areas. Previous research in schizophrenia pointed to impairment in comprehension of information. Yet, the neural mechanisms underlying the breakdown of information processing are poorly known. Better understanding of the neural circuits involved in information processing may assist in early identification of predisposition to the disease. Using fMRI, we examined different levels of information comprehension elicited by naturally presented stimuli. Healthy participants, patients with first episode schizophrenia and their undiagnosed siblings listened to a real-life narrated story and scrambled versions of it. To estimate the level of synchronization in response time courses, we calculated inter-subject correlation (inter-SC) across the entire stimuli within each group. The time-scale gradients found in healthy and siblings groups were consistent with our previous findings. Within the schizophrenia group, the reliability patterns obtained for the shortest and intermediate temporal scales were similar to patterns observed in healthy groups. However, the analysis of responses to story condition (long temporal scale) revealed robust and widespread disruption of the inter-SC. In comparison to healthy groups, the response time courses to the story were highly variable within the schizophrenia group, although some significant inter-SCs in the TPJ and precuneus were found. The hierarchical temporal deficit is a fundamental trait that may be a better target for the study of the etiology and pathophysiology of the disease.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Effects of risperidone on information processing and attention in first-episode schizophrenia

2002 ◽  
Vol 53 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 7-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.S Hong ◽  
J.G Kim ◽  
H.J Koh ◽  
M.S Koo ◽  
J.H Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
First Episode ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

Quetiapine in treatment of first episode schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s809-s809
Author(s):  
N. Zivkovic ◽  
G. Djokic
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Difference ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dopamine Antagonist ◽  
Significant Statistical Difference ◽  
5Ht1a Receptors ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia ◽  
Haloperidol Group

IntroductionAlthough there is no cure, schizophrenia is highly treatable disease. Successful first episode schizophrenia (FES) treatment is crucial to minimize personal, vocational and social deterioration. Quetiapine is atypical, second generation antipsychotic, serotonin-dopamine antagonist. Quetiapine is potent blocker of D2, 5HT2A and 5HT1A receptors.ObjectiveTo estimate efficacy of quetiapine in treatment of first episode schizophrenia.MethodsThis study included 70 patients with FES diagnosed by ICD-10 criteria, who are divided into haloperidol (H) 35 patients and quetiapine (Q) group 35 patients. Patients were observed for 6 months in hospital and extra hospital conditions, according to protocol which included Positive and Negative Symptom Schedule Scale (PANSS) and the number of withdrawals attributed to adverse event (AE). Control group was treated with haloperidol 5–20 mg/24 h and experimental group was treated with quetiapine 400–800 mg/24 h.ResultsAverage pretrial PANSS score was 110.1 in quetiapine and 108.5 in haloperidol group. Average PANSS score after 180 days was 50.6 in Q and 60.4 in H group. There is no statistical difference in pretrial scores between groups for PANSS score (P = 0.647). There is significant statistical difference in PANSS score reduction after 180 days in both groups (P < 0.001). There is significant statistical difference in PANSS score reduction between Q and H group after 180 days (P < 0.001). Overall, 8.6% AEs occurred in Q, and 25.8% in H group.ConclusionQuetiapine has shown better efficacy in treatment of FES comparing to haloperidol, with statistically significant lower adverse effects rate.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Fronto-parietal white matter microstructural deficits are linked to performance IQ in a first-episode schizophrenia Han Chinese sample

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 2047-2056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Wang ◽  
C. Cheung ◽  
W. Deng ◽  
M. Li ◽  
C. Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Chinese Sample ◽  
Schizophrenia Group ◽  
Core Deficit ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

BackgroundEvidence shows that cognitive deficits and white matter (WM) dysconnectivity can independently be associated with clinical manifestations in schizophrenia. It is important to explore this triadic relationship in order to investigate whether the triplet could serve as potential extended endophenotypes of schizophrenia.MethodDiffusion tensor images and clinical performances were evaluated in 122 individuals with first-episode schizophrenia and 122 age- and gender-matched controls. In addition, 65 of 122 of the patient group and 40 of 122 controls were measured using intelligence quotient (IQ) testing.ResultsThe schizophrenia group showed lower fractional anisotropy (FA) values than controls in the right cerebral frontal lobar sub-gyral (RFSG) WM. The schizophrenia group also showed a significant positive correlation between FA in the RFSG and performance IQ (PIQ); in turn, their PIQ score showed a significant negative correlation with negative syndromes.ConclusionsOverall, these findings support the hypothesis that WM deficits may be a core deficit that contributes to cognitive deficits as well as to negative symptoms.

Combination of aripiprazole and olanzapine in first episode psychosis patient with metabolic syndrome: A case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S755-S756
Author(s):  
I. Licanin ◽  
H. Senad
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Mental Health Center ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

There are numerous factors that predispose patients with schizophrenia to develop metabolic syndrome and become overweight including: physical passivity, unhealthy diet and anti-psyhotic treatment. The prevalence of anti-psychotic-related metabolic disturbances has been reported to vary from 23% to 50% and clozapine and olanzapine had the most pronounced potential to cause metabolic syndrome. We present the case of 32-year-old male who has been diagnosed with first episode schizophrenia spectrum psychosis and has been treated for 3 months in the community mental health center. He was medication–compliant and was prescribed olanazapine 10 mg a day and had initial remission of symptoms. The reason behind referral to our department of psychiatry was development of metabolic syndrome. Immediately upon admission to our department basic panel blood tests (minerals, creatinin, glucose, tryglicerides and cholesterol) as well as complete blood count were done. Patient reported gaining weight of more than 5 kilograms since the initiation of the olanzapine treatment. Results of the performed metabolic tests in addition to abnormal BMI and slightly higher blood pressure have indicated presence of metabolic syndrome. In order to try to reverse metabolic syndrome aripiprazole was commenced adjunctive to olanzapine. During the first week the dosage of aripiprazole was 2.5 mg/day, second week 5 mg/day and then increased to 10 mg a day. Three weeks after adding aripiprazole to olanzapine lab values of holesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose as well as BMI were significantly lowered and symptoms of the metabolic syndrome were mitigated. Treatment was well tolerated.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphisms and antipsychotic-induced metabolic disturbances in first-episode schizophrenia patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S104-S104 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Misiak ◽  
Ł. Łaczmański ◽  
K. Słoka ◽  
E. Szmida ◽  
R. Ślęzak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Mthfr Gene ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia ◽  
677T Allele

IntroductionThere is a scarcity of prospective studies addressing the influence of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphisms on antipsychotic-induced metabolic changes in first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients.ObjectivesWe aimed at investigating metabolic side effects of second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) with respect to the MTHFR gene polymorphisms in FES patients.MethodsPolymorphisms in the MTHFR gene (C677T and A1298C) were investigated with respect to changes in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) together with serum levels of glucose, lipids, homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folate after 12 weeks of treatment with SGAs in 135 FES patients.ResultsThe 677TT genotype was associated with significantly higher BMI, WC and serum levels of triglycerides, as well as significantly lower folate levels at baseline. Additionally, the 677T allele was associated with significantly lower folate levels at baseline. The 677CC homozygotes had significantly higher increase in BMI and serum levels of triglycerides. The 677TT genotype predicted significantly higher increase in homocysteine levels and significantly higher decrease in folate levels. These associations were also significant in the allelic analysis. Only the patients with the 677T allele had significantly lower folate levels and significantly higher homocysteine levels at the follow-up. The 677T allele was also related to significantly lower increase in WC. The 1298CC homozygotes had significantly higher weight gain in the course of treatment with SGAs.ConclusionsThe MTHFR gene polymorphisms might predict antipsychotic-induced weight gain in FES patients. In addition, the MTHFR C677T polymorphism might be also predictive with respect to other metabolic adversities of SGAs.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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