Mainstreaming Sex and Gender Analysis in Public Health Genomics

Considerable sex and gender bias has been recognized within the field of medicine. Investigators have used sex and gender analysis to reevaluate studies and outcomes and generate new perspectives and new questions regarding differential diagnoses and treatments of men and women. Sex and gender analysis acts as an experimental control to provide critical scientific rigor; researchers who ignore it risk ignoring a possible source of error in past, current, and future science. In this article, the authors introduce some tools of sex and gender analysis and illustrate the concept of gendered innovations by demonstrating through examples how this type of analysis has profoundly enhanced human knowledge in health and disease. The authors also provide recommendations for incorporating the concepts of sex and gender analysis into nursing education and research.

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Examining Women’s Dental Disorders through Multi-Level Sex and Gender Analysis: With Implications for Korean Women’s Oral Health

Asian Women ◽

10.14431/aw.2021.12.37.4.23 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 23-48

Author(s):

YeJi Kim ◽

So Yeon Leem ◽

Jungjoon Ihm

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Sex And Gender ◽

Gender Analysis ◽

Multi Level ◽

And Gender

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Introduction: Sex- and Gender-Based Analysis (SGBA) and Public Health

Sex- and Gender-Based Analysis in Public Health ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-71929-6_1 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Jacqueline Gahagan ◽

Mary K. Bryson

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Sex And Gender ◽

Gender Based ◽

And Gender

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Sex- and gender-sensitive public health research: an analysis of research proposals in a research institute in the Netherlands

Women & Health ◽

10.1080/03630242.2020.1834056 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 109-119

Author(s):

Lisanne Jeannine van Hagen ◽

Maaike Muntinga ◽

Yolande Appelman ◽

Petra Verdonk

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

The Netherlands ◽

Health Research ◽

Public Health Research ◽

Sex And Gender ◽

And Gender ◽

Research Institute

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Disability and satisfaction after Rotator Cuff decompression or repair: a sex and gender analysis

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

10.1186/1471-2474-12-66 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Helen Razmjou ◽

Aileen M Davis ◽

Susan B Jaglal ◽

Richard Holtby ◽

Robin R Richards

Keyword(s):

Rotator Cuff ◽

Sex And Gender ◽

Gender Analysis ◽

And Gender

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Funding agency mechanisms to increase sex and gender analysis

The Lancet ◽

10.1016/s0140-6736(17)30343-4 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 389 (10070) ◽

pp. 699 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Annie Duchesne ◽

Cara Tannenbaum ◽

Gillian Einstein

Keyword(s):

Funding Agency ◽

Sex And Gender ◽

Gender Analysis ◽

And Gender

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DISTINCT PREVALENCE OF SUBJECTIVE COGNITIVE DECLINE AMONG DIFFERENT BRAZILIAN REGIONS, SEX AND GENDER

10.5327/1980-5764.rpda033 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wyllians Borelli ◽

Carolina Formoso ◽

Andrei Bieger ◽

Eduardo Zimmer ◽

Marcia Chaves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽

Sex And Gender ◽

Complex Sampling ◽

The North ◽

Complex Sample ◽

And Gender ◽

Public Health Strategies

Background: Subjective Cognitive Decline may represent the earliest clinical manifestation of the Alzheimer’s continuum. A continental-size country like Brazil demands regionalized strategies to provide adequate public health strategies. Objectives: To analyze the prevalence of SCD in Brazilian regions, sex and genders. Methods: Data was gathered from a complex-sample epidemiological study named ELSI (Estudo Longitudinal da Saúde de Idosos). SCD criteria was applied within the dataset. Weighting for complex-sampling was performed. Data was analyzed according to national region, sex and gender. Results: Overall nationwide prevalence of SCD was 15.48%. Prevalence of SCD was the highest in Midwest (19.9%), followed by Northeast (17%), North (16.9%), South (14.6%) and Southeast (14.2%, p <0.0001). Among adults, males in the North showed the highest prevalence of SCD (27.5%), while the lowest prevalence was in females in the Southeast (14.4%). Among older adults, the highest prevalence was in females in the North (19.2%), while females in the Southeast showed the lowest (11.2%). Prevalence of SCD was statistically similar in females and males (15.6% vs. 16.1%, p=0.6). Conclusions: Brazil exhibits distinct profiles of SCD according to regions, sex and genders that should be analyzed by policymakers in public health. The Midwest presented the highest prevalence of SCD. Individually, male adults and female older adults in the North presented the highest prevalence in Brazil.

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Toward Health Equity Guide Interview Project:

University of Toronto Journal of Public Health ◽

10.33137/utjph.v2i2.36748 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Rachel Fields

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Equity ◽

Public Health Practice ◽

Health Agency ◽

Sex And Gender ◽

Constructive Feedback ◽

Training Resources ◽

Gender Based ◽

And Gender ◽

User Friendly

For my practicum, I worked with the Health Equity Integration Team (HEIT) to improve the application of Sex- and Gender-Based Analysis + (SGBA+) at The Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC). SGBA+ is an analytical tool used in the federal government to ensure the consideration of diversity and intersectionality in programs and policies. One of the training resources on SGBA+ at PHAC is called Toward Health Equity: The SGBA+ Guide. This guide provides an overview of SGBA+, associated concepts, and a case study. I was part of a team tasked with updating this document to make the guide more applicable to current agency priorities. However, in revising the guide it became clear that there was a significant gap in understanding what document users needed. To make this guide as user-friendly and relevant as possible, I suggested that we conduct interviews with key informants throughout the agency to gather feedback and identify barriers to SGBA+ application. This project was part of a Knowledge Translation (KT) process that involved employees from many different roles and divisions at PHAC. The interviews allowed readers to identify the guide’s strengths, weaknesses, and gaps in clarity and content. Improving SGBA+ application at the federal public health level is important, because it is the agency’s way of applying a health equity lens to the work that they do. This project was also significant because it interrupted the standard process of KT, which follows a linear path and only integrates user feedback at the end. Instead, this project promoted an iterative process, involving document users throughout the development and revision of the guide to create a final product that is more tailored to their needs. Clear and effective communication is crucial to public health practice; this project is an example of how to achieve that by incorporating constructive feedback.

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