Crop straw recycling prevents anthropogenic desilication of agricultural soil–plant systems in the temperate zone – Results from a long-term field experiment in NE Germany

Geoderma ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 403 ◽  
pp. 115187
Author(s):  
Daniel Puppe ◽  
Danuta Kaczorek ◽  
Jörg Schaller ◽  
Dietmar Barkusky ◽  
Michael Sommer
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Temperate Zone ◽  
Crop Straw ◽  
Ne Germany ◽  
Term Field

Anthropogenic desilication of agricultural soils – Results from a long-term field experiment in NE Germany

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Puppe ◽  
Danuta Kaczorek ◽  
Michael Sommer
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Temperate Zone ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Fertilization Rates ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Ne Germany ◽  
Npk Fertilization ◽  
Term Field

<p>Due to intensified land use (agriculture, forestry) humans directly influence silicon (Si) cycling on a global scale. In this context, especially Si exports by harvested crops (most of them are Si accumulators) and increased erosion rates generally lead to a Si loss in agricultural soils (anthropogenic desilication). Harvesting of field crops can cause Si losses of up to 100 kg Si ha<sup>-1</sup> per year. On a global scale about 35% of total phytogenic Si is synthesized by field crops due to their relatively high Si contents as well as biomasses and this proportion is going to increase with increased agricultural production within the next decades. In order to avoid (natural) limitations of plant available Si and enhance plant growth and resistance against abiotic and biotic stresses, Si fertilization is widely used, especially in (sub)tropical agricultural systems. In this context, specific Si fertilization, for example, in the form of recycled organic siliceous materials (e.g., straw, biochar), might be a promising strategy for both increasing crop yields and decreasing desilication of agricultural soils. However, most studies focus on rice and sugarcane production and there is still only little knowledge about Si cycling in agricultural systems of the temperate zone. We analyzed soil and plant samples from an ongoing long-term field experiment (established 1963, randomized block design: plots with low, medium, and high mineral NPK fertilization rates, plots with straw fertilization in addition to NPK fertilization, control plots) in NE Germany to answer the following questions: (i) Can we observe a significant desilication (indicated by a decrease in plant available Si in soils) of agricultural systems in the temperate zone in the long term?, (ii) Is this potential desilication affected by NPK fertilization rates?, (iii) Is this potential decrease of plant available Si in soils reflected in Si concentrations of the grown plants (e.g., wheat)?, and (iv) Can we prevent potential anthropogenic desilication by straw fertilization? Here we present our first results to answer these questions. The answers to these questions will help us to obtain a deeper understanding of Si cycling in agricultural biogeosystems in the temperate zone in general and to derive practice-oriented recommendations for a more environmentally friendly and sustainable crop production in particular.</p>

Exploring the Vis-NIR wavelength importance in SOC models under field and lab conditions in a long-term field experiment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Reyes ◽  
Mareike Ließ
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Partial Least Square Regression ◽  
Preprocessing Technique ◽  
Term Field

<p>Soil organic carbon (SOC) is of particular interest in the study of agricultural systems as an indicator of soil quality and soil fertility. In the use of Vis-NIR spectroscopy for SOC detection, the interpretation of the spectral response with regards to the importance of individual wavelengths is challenging due to the soil’s composition of multiple organic and minerals compounds. Under field conditions, additional aspects affect the spectral data compared to lab conditions. This study compared the spectral wavelength importance in partial least square regression (PLSR) models for SOC between field and lab conditions. Surface soil samples were obtained from a long-term field experiment (LTE) with high SOC variability located in the state of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Data sets of Vis-NIR spectra were acquired in the lab and field using two spectrometers, respectively. Four different preprocessing methods were applied before building the models. Wavelength importance was observed using variable importance in projection. Differences in wavelength importance were observed depending on the measurement device, measurement condition, and preprocessing technique, although pattern matches were identifiable, especially in the NIR range. It is these pattern matches that aid model interpretation to effectively determine SOC under field conditions.</p>

A LONG-TERM FIELD EXPERIMENT WITH COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS AND MANURE: I. Fertility levels and crop yields in a rotation of swedes, oats and hay

1960 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. MacLeod ◽  
R. F. Bishop ◽  
L. P. Jackson ◽  
C. R. MacEachern ◽  
E. T. Goring
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchangeable Potassium ◽  
Soluble Phosphorus ◽  
Initial Content ◽  
Term Field

In a field experiment, conducted from 1936 to 1957, a rotation of swedes, oats and hay was followed and treatments included commercial fertilizers and manure.Changes in the chemical composition of the soil during the experiment included significant decreases in soil organic matter, total nitrogen and cation exchange capacity. In no case was the initial content of exchangeable potassium maintained and although changes in adsorbed and easily acid-soluble phosphorus were negligible with a number of treatments only one resulted in a significant increase.The treatments were applied in the swede year and yield differences with this crop were greater than for either the oats or hay. Data for the latter two crops indicated that with most of the treatments there was a tendency for yields to decline as the experiment progressed. This was not the case with swedes where variation in yields with rotation cycles was greater than it was in the case of oats or hay. There was a considerable residual effect from manure, and phosphorus had a greater effect on yields than either nitrogen or potassium.

Salinization lowers nutrient availability in formerly brackish freshwater wetlands; unexpected results from a long-term field experiment

2019 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gijs van Dijk ◽  
Leon P. M. Lamers ◽  
Roos Loeb ◽  
Piet-Jan Westendorp ◽  
Rick Kuiperij ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Freshwater Wetlands ◽  
Term Field

Decomposition of15N-Labelled Ryegrass in Soils from a Long-Term Field Experiment with Different Manuring Strategies

1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Birgitte Kudahl Jensen ◽  
Erik Steen Jensen ◽  
Jakob Magid
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Term Field
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