Biogeochemistry
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Published By Springer-Verlag

1573-515x, 0168-2563

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Nils Nitzsche ◽  
Zachary E. Kayler ◽  
Katrin Premke ◽  
Arthur Gessler ◽  
Rota Wagai

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuwei Ma ◽  
Lanlan Zhang ◽  
Sumei Liu ◽  
Dongdong Zhu

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csilla Balogh ◽  
Jarosław Kobak ◽  
Zsófia Kovács ◽  
József Serfőző ◽  
Nóra Faragó ◽  
...  

AbstractAfter introduction, the invasive bivalve dreissenids became key species in the biota of Lake Balaton, the largest shallow lake in Central Europe. The contribution of dreissenid soft tissue and shell, as biotic phases, in element distribution and its interaction with the water and upper sediment phases were examined in two basins with different trophic conditions in spring and autumn. Six metals (Ba, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn) were detected in all investigated phases. In general, metals were abundant in the water and soft tissue in the eastern basin in spring, and in the sediment and shells in the western basin in autumn. This might be associated with the more urbanized surroundings in the eastern, and the enhanced organic matter production in the western basin. High relative shares of Ba, Cu, Mn, and Pb were associated with the water and shell samples, whereas high shares of Fe and Zn were noted in the soft mussel tissue and sediments. Results suggest that dynamics of metal uptake by dreissenids depend on the seasonal change in metabolic activity. Shell metal content is less changeable; shells might absorb metals from both the soft tissue and water phases. Metallothionein peptides, the scavengers of intracellular metals, were determined to be biomarkers of the bulk contaminants rather than only metals. The present study shows that invasive bivalves, with high abundance, filtering activity, and storing capacity can significantly contribute to element distribution in the shoreline of a shallow lake ecosystem.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorit Julich ◽  
Vera Makowski ◽  
Karl-Heinz Feger ◽  
Stefan Julich

AbstractThe assessment of impacts of an altered nutrient availability, e.g. as caused by consistently high atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition, on ecosystem phosphorus (P) nutrition requires understanding of P fluxes. However, the P translocation in forest soils is not well understood and soil P fluxes based on actual measurements are rarely available. Therefore, the aims of this study were to (1) examine the effects of experimental N, P, and P+N additions on P fluxes via preferential flow as dominant transport pathway (PFPs) for P transport in forest soils; and (2) determine whether these effects varied with sites of contrasting P status (loamy high P/sandy low P). During artificial rainfall experiments, we quantified the P fluxes in three soil depths and statistically analyzed effects by application of linear mixed effects modeling. Our results show that the magnitude of P fluxes is highly variable: In some cases, water and consequently P has not reached the collection depth. By contrast, in soils with a well-developed connection of PFPs throughout the profile fluxes up to 4.5 mg P m−2 per experiment (within 8 h, no P addition) were observed. The results furthermore support the assumption that the contrasting P nutrition strategies strongly affected P fluxes, while also the response to N and P addition markedly differed between the sites. As a consequence, the main factors determining P translocation in forest soils under altered nutrient availability are the spatio-temporal patterns of PFPs through soil columns in combination with the P nutrition strategy of the ecosystem.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte J. Alster ◽  
Jasmine M. Robinson ◽  
Vickery L. Arcus ◽  
Louis A. Schipper

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Škerlep ◽  
Susan Nehzati ◽  
Ulf Johansson ◽  
Dan B. Kleja ◽  
Per Persson ◽  
...  

AbstractIncreasing exports of Fe and DOC from soils, causing browning of freshwaters, have been reported in recent decades in many regions of the northern hemisphere. Afforestation, and in particular an increase of Norway spruce forest in certain regions, is suggested as a driver behind these trends in water chemistry. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the gradual accumulation of organic soil layers in spruce forests, and subsequent increase in organic acid concentrations and acidity enhances mobilization of Fe. First generation Norway spruce stands of different ages (35, 61, 90 years) and adjacent arable control plots were selected to represent the effects of aging forest. Soil solutions were sampled from suction lysimeters at two depths (below organic soil layer and in mineral soil) during two years, and analyzed for Fe concentration, Fe speciation (XAS analysis), DOC, metals, major anions and cations. Solution Fe concentrations were significantly higher in shallow soils under older spruce stands (by 5- and 6-fold) than in control plots and the youngest forest. Variation in Fe concentration was best explained by variation in DOC concentration and pH. Moreover, Fe in all soil solutions was present as mononuclear Fe(III)-OM complexes, showing that this phase is dominating Fe translocation. Fe speciation in the soil was also analyzed, and found to be dominated by Fe oxides with minor differences between plots. These results confirmed that Fe mobilization, by Fe(III)-OM complexes, was higher from mature spruce stands, which supports that afforestation with spruce may contribute to rising concentrations of Fe in surface waters.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kyle Derby ◽  
Brian A. Needelman ◽  
Ana A. Roden ◽  
J. Patrick Megonigal

AbstractDirect measurement of methane emissions is cost-prohibitive for greenhouse gas offset projects, necessitating the development of alternative accounting methods such as proxies. Salinity is a useful proxy for tidal marsh CH4 emissions when comparing across a wide range of salinity regimes but does not adequately explain variation in brackish and freshwater regimes, where variation in emissions is large. We sought to improve upon the salinity proxy in a marsh complex on Deal Island Peninsula, Maryland, USA by comparing emissions from four strata differing in hydrology and plant community composition. Mean CH4 chamber-collected emissions measured as mg CH4 m−2 h−1 ranked as S. alterniflora (1.2 ± 0.3) ≫ High-elevation J. roemerianus (0.4 ± 0.06) > Low-elevation J. roemerianus (0.3 ± 0.07) = S. patens (0.1 ± 0.01). Sulfate depletion generally reflected the same pattern with significantly greater depletion in the S. alterniflora stratum (61 ± 4%) than in the S. patens stratum (1 ± 9%) with the J. roemerianus strata falling in between. We attribute the high CH4 emissions in the S. alterniflora stratum to sulfate depletion likely driven by limited connectivity to tidal waters. Low CH4 emissions in the S. patens stratum are attributed to lower water levels, higher levels of ferric iron, and shallow rooting depth. Moderate CH4 emissions from the J. roemerianus strata were likely due to plant traits that favor CH4 oxidation over CH4 production. Hydrology and plant community composition have significant potential as proxies to estimate CH4 emissions at the site scale.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Be’eri-Shlevin ◽  
M. Bueno ◽  
E. Tessier ◽  
A. Romero-Rama ◽  
A. Sukenik ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Ellen Johnston ◽  
Kerri Finlay ◽  
Robert G. M. Spencer ◽  
David E. Butman ◽  
Mackenzie Metz ◽  
...  

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