Paleohydrological implications of late Quaternary fluvial deposits in and around archaeological sites in Syria

Geomorphology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Oguchi ◽  
Kazuaki Hori ◽  
Chiaki T. Oguchi
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Fluvial Deposits

A Preliminary Report of Changing Quaternary Mammal Faunas in Subalpine New Guinea

1993 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Hope ◽  
Tim Flannery ◽  
Boeardi
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Montane Forest ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Irian Jaya ◽  
Fluvial Deposits ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
Holocene Record ◽  
Fossil Records ◽  
Mammal Faunas

AbstractThe faunas found in the mountains of central Irian Jaya have experienced dramatic changes through the late Quaternary. Remains of two previously unknown species of large marsupial, Maokopia ronaldi and Protemnodon hopei, have been recovered from unrelated cave and fluvial deposits which today occur in dense upper montane forest. Direct dating of the finds has not as yet been possible, but stratigraphic, sedimentologic, and palynologic evidence indicates that these species lived near a climatic treeline in subalpine grassland in the late Pleistocene. At higher altitudes a rockshelter provided the second known mid-Holocene record of Thylogale christenseni and Thylogale sp. cf. brunii, apparently extinct grassland wallabies. The two largest remaining subalpine mammal species are being locally exterminated by hunting, leaving only a large murid, Mallomys gunung, which weighs less than 2.0 kg. The area thus records the disappearance of a grassland-adapted fauna. The possum Pseudocheirops cupreus dominates in modem hunting returns, although this species is totally absent from the local fossil records. It may thus be in the process of invading a vacated and disturbed niche from the upper montane forest.

scholarly journals PALEOECOLOGICAL HABITAT OF THE LATE QUATERNARY MOLLUSCS OF THE NORTHERN FORE-CASPIAN LOWLAND ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE KOSIKA 1 LOCALITY

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-123
Author(s):  
Regina Navkatova Miftakhova ◽  
Guzel Anvarovna Danukalova
Keyword(s):  
River Flow ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Fluvial Deposits ◽  
Marine Deposits ◽  
Marine Mollusc ◽  
Layer 2 ◽  
Layer 4 ◽  
Caspian Lowland ◽  
Mollusc Species ◽  
Shell Fragments

Investigations of the Middle-Late Neopleistocene deposits of the Kosika 1 locality and studied malacological complexes permit to understand changes of the main geological events of the territory and to identify molluscs palaeoecologihal habitats. Brakishwater and freshwater lakes existed on the territory after Early Khazarian Sea regression (beginning of the Late Neopleistocene; layer 1). Marine deposits accumulated during Late Khazarian Sea transgression (first half of the Late Neopleistocene; layer 2). Big river (Paleo-Volga) existed after the regression of the Late Khazarian Sea. This river flow to the south in the direction of the coastline retreatment. Fluvial deposits prove river existence (layer 4). Marine deposits with special key mollusc species accumulated during the Khvalynian Sea transgression. Again, river existed after regression of this sea. Alluvium is on the top of the Khvalynian section, it is contain rich complex of the freshwater and marine mollusc species (layer 5). Fluvial-marine deposits form the underwater delta, which accumulated during Late Khvalynian time. These deposits contain shell fragments of freshwater and marine mollusc species. Deposits of the underwater delta form in the relief elongated hills, which are known as Ber bugor among geomorphologists.

Suitability of biogenic carbonate of Lithospermum fruits for 14C dating

2006 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 508-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Pustovoytov ◽  
Simone Riehl
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Quaternary Sediments ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Biogenic Carbonate ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Cultural Layers ◽  
Absolute Age ◽  
Calcified Tissues

AbstractLithospermum (Boraginaceae) belongs to a small group of plant taxa that accumulate biogenic carbonate in their fruits. In this genus, carbonate incrustations form in the cells of the epidermis and sclerenchyma of the pericarp. Fossil Lithospermum fruits (nutlets) with well-preserved calcified tissues commonly occur in Quaternary sediments and cultural layers. We tested the suitability of biogenic carbonate of Lithospermum fruits for radiocarbon dating using a total of 15 AMS measurement results from four modern and 11 fossil samples. The 14C data from modern samples suggest that Lithospermum utilises only atmospheric carbon to synthesise calcite in the nutlets. In general, the ages determined through 14C dating of fossil fruitscorresponded well with the absolute-age intervals for archaeological sites over the last 5000 yr. Biogenic carbonate of Lithospermum fruits, like that of Celtis, represents a new source of chronological information for late Quaternary studies.

scholarly journals Fluvial deposits as a record for Late Quaternary neotectonic activity in the Rhine-Meuse delta, The Netherlands

2002 ◽  
Vol 81 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 389-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Cohen ◽  
E. Stouthamer ◽  
H.J.A. Berendsen
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Maximum Displacement ◽  
Movement Rates ◽  
Fluvial Deposits ◽  
Neotectonic Activity ◽  
Roer Valley Graben ◽  
Longitudinal Profiles ◽  
Late Weichselian ◽  
Lower Rhine Embayment ◽  
Lower Rhine

AbstractNeotectonic movements have caused differential subsidence in the Lower Rhine Embayment during the Quaternary. The Late Weichselian and Holocene Rhine-Meuse fluvial archive in the central Netherlands was used to quantify neotectonic movements in a setting that was primarily controlled by sea-level rise and climate change. Evidence for neotectonic activity in the central Netherlands is reviewed. Sedimentary evidence shows that fluvial deposits of Late Weichselian and Holocene Rhine and Meuse (Maas) distributaries are vertically displaced along the northern shoulder of the Roer Valley Graben system. Elevation differences in the longitudinal profiles of Late Weichselian terrace deposits were used to quantify tectonic displacements. New results for the southeastern Rhine-Meuse delta (Maaskant area) show that displacements in the top of the Pleniglacial terrace along the Peel Boundary Fault are up to 1.4 m. The maximum displacement between the Peel Horst and the Roer Valley Graben is 2.3 m. This is equivalent to relative tectonic movement rates of 0.09-0.15 mm/yr, averaged over the last 15,000 years.

scholarly journals Geoarchaeological and paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the Late Quaternary climate- environmental-human nexus in the Kurdistan region of Iraq

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Forti ◽  
Eleonora Regattieri ◽  
Anna Maria Mercuri ◽  
Ilaria Mazzini ◽  
Andrea Pezzotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction ◽  
Human Land Use ◽  
Quaternary Climate ◽  
Geochemical Analyses ◽  
Sandy Sediments ◽  
Origin Of Agriculture

<p>During the late Quaternary, Iraqi Kurdistan was the scenario of several fundamental human-related<br>events including the dispersion of Homo in Asia and Europe, the origin of agriculture, the beginning<br>of urbanization, and the formation of the first state entities. We present the initial results of a<br>geoarchaeological investigation in this area, which aims to reconstruct a detailed framework of the<br>relationship between climatic changes, landscape responses, human adaptation, and settlement<br>distribution during the Late Quaternary. Paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic data were collected<br>from two key areas: the territory of the Navkur and Faideh plains, in northern Kurdistan, and a portion<br>of the Erbil plain, in southern Kurdistan. In the two regions, the Land of Niniveh and MAIPE<br>archaeological missions are operating. Remote sensing, GIS analyses, and geomorphological survey<br>are the tools used for the geomorphological reconstruction of ancient hydrology (fluvial pattern) and<br>the evolution of distinct landforms. Geochemical and geochronological analyses on speleothems from<br>the Zagros piedmont caves of same region provide information on Holocene climatic variability in<br>the area. Whereas environmental settings and human land use are investigated on the basis of<br>sedimentological, palynological, micropaleontological, and geochemical analyses of a fluvio-<br>lacustrine sequences preliminary dated between 40 and 9 ka BP. The lacustrine sequence is composed<br>by clayey and silt-sandy sediments alternating calcareous and organic matter-rich layers.<br>Environmental and geomorphological data have been compared with archaeological information<br>(mostly the chronological distribution of the archaeological sites) to interpret exploitation of natural<br>resources, the settlement dynamics and shift in land use. </p>

scholarly journals River Terraces along the middle Kali Gandaki and Marsyandi khola central Nepal

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 95-111
Author(s):  
Hidetsugu Yamanaka ◽  
Shuji Iwata Iwata
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Change ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Tectonic Movement ◽  
Fluvial Deposits ◽  
Valley Fill ◽  
River Terraces ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Regional Factors ◽  
Longitudinal Profiles

River terraces along the middle Kali Gandaki and the Marsyandi Khola are all fill (filltop and fillstrath) terraces, and no strath (rock) terraces are distributed. Three valley-fill deposits are disinguished along the Kali Gandaki and two along the Marsyandi, and some of them are not normal fluvial deposits but mudflow ones in origin. The formative process of terraces along each river was strongly controlled by local and accidental geomorphic events, besides climatic change and other regional factors. Therefore the correlation of terraces between both rivers is very confused. Based on the longitudinal profiles of terraces, the tectonic movement along the middle Kali Gandaki is inferred that the region around Phalebas relatively subsided and the northern and southern regions were comparatively uplifted during the late Quaternary.

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