Active layer thermal regime at different vegetation covers at Lions Rump, King George Island, Maritime Antarctica

Geomorphology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 36-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan C.C. Almeida ◽  
Carlos Ernesto G.R. Schaefer ◽  
Raphael B.A. Fernandes ◽  
Thiago T.C. Pereira ◽  
Alexandre Nieuwendam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Layer ◽  
Thermal Regime ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Maritime Antarctica

scholarly journals Active layer thermal monitoring at Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Maritime Antarctica

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1423-1449 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. M. Michel ◽  
C. E. G. R. Schaefer ◽  
F. N. B. Simas ◽  
Francelino M. R. ◽  
E. I. Fernandes-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Active Layer ◽  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
Active Layer Thickness ◽  
Monitoring Site ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Maritime Antarctica ◽  
Fildes Peninsula

Abstract. International attention to the climate change phenomena has grown in the last decade; the active layer and permafrost are of great importance in understanding processes and future trends due to their role in energy flux regulation. The objective of the this paper is to present active layer temperature data for one CALM-S site located at Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Maritime Antarctica over an fifth seven month period (2008–2012). The monitoring site was installed during the summer of 2008 and consists of thermistors (accuracy of ± 0.2 °C), arranged vertically with probes at different depths, recording data at hourly intervals in a~high capacity data logger. A series of statistical analysis were performed to describe the soil temperature time series, including a linear fit in order to identify global trend and a series of autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models were tested in order to define the best fit for the data. The controls of weather on the thermal regime of the active layer have been identified, providing insights about the influence of climate chance over the permafrost. The active layer thermal regime in the studied period was typical of periglacial environment, with extreme variation at the surface during summer resulting in frequent freeze and thaw cycles. The active layer thickness (ALT) over the studied period showed variability related to different annual weather conditions, reaching a maximum of 117.5 cm in 2009. The ARIMA model was considered appropriate to treat the dataset, enabling more conclusive analysis and predictions when longer data sets are available. Despite the variability when comparing temperature readings and active layer thickness over the studied period, no warming trend was detected.

scholarly journals Active-layer thermal monitoring on the Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, maritime Antarctica

Solid Earth ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1361-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. M. Michel ◽  
C. E. G. R. Schaefer ◽  
F. M. B. Simas ◽  
M. R. Francelino ◽  
E. I. Fernandes-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Active Layer ◽  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
Active Layer Thickness ◽  
Monitoring Site ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Maritime Antarctica ◽  
Fildes Peninsula

Abstract. International attention to climate change phenomena has grown in the last decade; the active layer and permafrost are of great importance in understanding processes and future trends due to their role in energy flux regulation. The objective of this paper is to present active-layer temperature data for one Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring South hemisphere (CALM-S) site located on the Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, maritime Antarctica over an 57-month period (2008–2012). The monitoring site was installed during the summer of 2008 and consists of thermistors (accuracy of ±0.2 °C), arranged vertically with probes at different depths, recording data at hourly intervals in a high-capacity data logger. A series of statistical analyses was performed to describe the soil temperature time series, including a linear fit in order to identify global trends, and a series of autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models was tested in order to define the best fit for the data. The affects of weather on the thermal regime of the active layer have been identified, providing insights into the influence of climate change on permafrost. The active-layer thermal regime in the studied period was typical of periglacial environments, with extreme variation in surface during the summer resulting in frequent freeze and thaw cycles. The active-layer thickness (ALT) over the studied period shows a degree of variability related to different annual weather conditions, reaching a maximum of 117.5 cm in 2009. The ARIMA model could describe the data adequately and is an important tool for more conclusive analysis and predictions when longer data sets are available. Despite the variability when comparing temperature readings and ACT over the studied period, no trend can be identified.

Active layer temperature in two Cryosols from King George Island, Maritime Antarctica

Geomorphology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 155-156 ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto F.M. Michel ◽  
Carlos Ernesto G.R. Schaefer ◽  
Everton L. Poelking ◽  
Felipe N.B. Simas ◽  
Elpidio I. Fernandes Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Layer ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Maritime Antarctica

Pinnularia subcatenaborealis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta) a new chain-forming diatom species from King George Island (Maritime Antarctica)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 364 (3) ◽  
pp. 259 ◽  
Author(s):  
NATALIA KOCHMAN-KĘDZIORA ◽  
EVELINE PINSEEL ◽  
MATEUSZ RYBAK ◽  
TERESA NOGA ◽  
MARIA OLECH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Maritime Antarctica ◽  
Glacier Forefield ◽  
Valve Size ◽  
James Ross Island ◽  
Small Pool ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Freshwater Diatom

During a survey conducted on the freshwater diatom flora of small shallow pools on the Ecology Glacier forefield (King George Island, Maritime Antarctic Region), an unknown spine-bearing chain-forming Pinnularia species, belonging to the Pinnularia borealis species complex, was found. Although it closely resembles the recently described Pinnularia catenaborealis from James Ross Island and Vega Island (Antarctic Peninsula), a unique set of morphological characteristics revealed in both light and scanning electron microscopy clearly discriminates the specimens of King George Island as a new species. Pinnularia subcatenaborealis Kochman-Kędziora, Pinseel & Van de Vijver sp. nov. can be distinguished from P. catenaborealis by an overall smaller valve size, the presence of irregularly formed silica outgrowths on the mantle and small, irregular plates located near the apices. The new taxon is so far only recorded from a small pool with circumneutral pH and very low conductivity.

scholarly journals Active layer thermal regime in two climatically contrasted sites of the Antarctic Peninsula region

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Hrbáček ◽  
M. Oliva ◽  
K. Laska ◽  
J. Ruiz-Fernández ◽  
M. A. De Pablo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Layer ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Active Layer Thickness ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Climate Trends ◽  
Ground Temperatures ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Discontinuous Permafrost ◽  
The Antarctic

Permafrost controls geomorphic processes in ice-free areas of the Antarctic Peninsula (AP) region. Future climate trends will promote significant changes of the active layer regime and permafrost distribution, and therefore a better characterization of present-day state is needed. With this purpose, this research focuses on Ulu Peninsula (James Ross Island) and Byers Peninsula (Livingston Island), located in the area of continuous and discontinuous permafrost in the eastern and western sides of the AP, respectively. Air and ground temperatures in as low as 80 cm below surface of the ground were monitored between January and December 2014. There is a high correlation between air temperatures on both sites (r=0.74). The mean annual temperature in Ulu Peninsula was -7.9 ºC, while in Byers Peninsula was -2.6 ºC. The lower air temperatures in Ulu Peninsula are also reflected in ground temperatures, which were between 4.9 (5 cm) and 5.9 ºC (75/80 cm) lower. The maximum active layer thickness observed during the study period was 52 cm in Ulu Peninsula and 85 cm in Byers Peninsula. Besides climate, soil characteristics, topography and snow cover are the main factors controlling the ground thermal regime in both areas.

Distribution of Anaerobic Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria in Soils from King George Island, Maritime Antarctica

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 810-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayanna Souza Sampaio ◽  
Juliana Rodrigues Barboza Almeida ◽  
Hugo E. de Jesus ◽  
Alexandre S. Rosado ◽  
Lucy Seldin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
King George Island ◽  
Maritime Antarctica ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

Thermal regime of soil active layer at the Bolshevik Island (Archipelago Severnaya Zemlya) during 2016 – 2020 years

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Makshtas ◽  
Petr Bogorodski ◽  
Ilya Jozhikov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Active Layer ◽  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Underlying Surface ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Heat Flux Sensor ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Contact Method

<p>Investigations of active soil layer on the Research station “Ice Base Cape Baranova’’ had been started in February 2016 after installation on the meteorological site sensors of Finnish Meteorological Institute: thermochain with IKES PT00 temperature sensors at depths of 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 cm, soil heat flux sensor HFP, and two ThetaProbe type ML3 soil moisture sensors. Based on the results of measurements annual cycle of soil temperature changes was revealed with amplitudes 10 - 15 ° C less than the amplitudes of surface air layer temperature (Ta) and especially the temperature of the soil upper surface (Tsrad), in great degree determined by short-wave radiation heating and long-wave radiation cooling. Approximation by linear fittings shows average rates of increase Ta - 0.4°C/year, Тsrad - 0.3°C/year, and temperatures of active soil layer - 0.2°C/year.</p><p>The data on thermal regime of active soil layer and characteristics of energy exchange in atmospheric surface layer make it possible to draw the conclusion about the reason for the abnormally warm state of the upper meter soil layer in summer 2020, despite in March during the whole period under study active soil layer was the warmest in 2017. Comparison in temperatures of the underlying surface and characteristics of surface heat balance during period under study showed that in 2020 the temperature of the soil surface at the end of May for a short time reached the temperature of snow melting. It is happened 25 days earlier than in 2017 as well as other years and led to radical decrease in surface albedo, sharp increase of heat flux to the underlying surface, and increased duration of active soil layer heating.</p><p>Additionally, permafrost thawing studies using a manual contact method were carried out on the special site, organized according to CALM standards. These studies showed significant variety of soil active layer thicknesses in the relatively small area (~0.12 km<sup>2</sup>), which indicates significant spatial variability of microrelief, structure and thermophysical properties of soil, as well as vegetation, typical for Arctic desert. Calculations carried out with version of the well-known thermodynamic Leibenzon model for various parameterizations of vegetation and soil properties partly described peculiarities of spatial variability of observed thawing depths.</p>

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